{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:20:05Z","timestamp":1791840005013,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744416000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Hyperglycemia in poorly controlled diabetes is widely recognized as detrimental to organ dysfunction. However, the acute effects of hyperglycemia on brain metabolism and function are not fully understood. The potential protective benefit of ketone bodies on mitochondrial function in the brain has also not been well characterized. Here, we evaluated the acute effects of hyperglycemia and \u03b2-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on brain metabolism by employing a novel approach leveraging adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependence of bioluminescence originating from luciferin-luciferase activity. Oxygen consumption rate was measured in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    live brain punches to further evaluate mitochondrial function. Our data demonstrate that brain metabolism in mice is affected by acute exposure to high glucose. This short-term effect of glucose exposure was reduced by co-administration with the ketone body BHB. Additionally, we investigated the functional relevance of BHB using an\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    photothrombotic stroke model to assess its cerebroprotective effects in presence or absence of acute hyperglycemia. BHB significantly reduced infarct size in the brain stroke model, providing functional evidence for its protective role in the brain. These findings suggest that BHB may effectively mitigate the adverse effects of metabolic stress and ischemic events on brain metabolism and function.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x251334222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T06:15:41Z","timestamp":1744438541000},"page":"1493-1506","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["<b>\u03b2<\/b>\n                    -hydroxybutyrate enhances brain metabolism in normoglycemia and hyperglycemia, providing cerebroprotection in a mouse stroke model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Deborah M","family":"Holstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2576-4069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afaf","family":"Saliba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damian","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumar","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James D","family":"Lechleiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-008-0043-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114513000548"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15153368"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0698-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuy049"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.329"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14030513"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxab090"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado1463"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.4137"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2016.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205014666170117104053"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.241442"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.122257"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12072166"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06146.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02722985"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2006.08.077"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041090"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2839"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","first-page":"110","article-title":"A novel inducible acute hyperglycemia mouse model for assessing 6-KTP","volume":"11","author":"Hu J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hu J, Zhong X, Yang X, et\u00a0al. 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