{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T05:35:41Z","timestamp":1784180141502,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Voxel-level detection of task-induced striatal dopamine (DA) release in humans is achievable with dynamic PET imaging, enabling complex studies of motor, cognitive, and reward tasks. We previously introduced a data-driven methodology termed Residual Space Detection (RSD), which improved detection of low-amplitude DA release, however its applicability was limited to detection of low-amplitude and\/or localized effects. Here, we generalize RSD to broader DA release scenarios by introducing a novel model-based baseline time-activity curve prediction method in combination with non-local-means clustering (RSD-Hybrid-IMRTM). In simulations, RSD-Hybrid-IMRTM outperforms our previous methodology for detecting global striatal DA release, improving absolute detection sensitivity by 18% at 5% false positive rate, while also demonstrating the ability to track the magnitude of task-induced changes in synaptic DA concentrations in a noise-robust manner. As a proof of principle, we apply RSD-Hybrid-IMRTM to healthy controls and Parkinson\u2019s disease subjects undergoing finger and foot tapping tasks. Results reveal expected group differences in parametric maps, parameter magnitudes, and functional segregation, demonstrating RSD-Hybrid-IMRTM\u2019s utility for investigating neurotransmission in human cohorts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x251362958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T23:56:53Z","timestamp":1758326213000},"page":"51-65","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A generalized framework for\n                    <i>in vivo<\/i>\n                    detection of dopamine release using positron emission tomography"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6699-8446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan U","family":"Hanania","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6258-8450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connor WJ","family":"Bevington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju-Chieh (Kevin)","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada"},{"name":"Pacific Parkinson\u2019s Research Centre, University of British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongning","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tiantan Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Pavel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Parkinson\u2019s Research Centre, University of British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9778-7246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. 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Novel voxelwise residual analysis of [11C]raclopride PET data improves detection of low-amplitude dopamine release. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Off J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 16: 271678X231214823.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Off J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","article-title":"Modeling PET data acquired during nonsteady conditions: what if brain conditions change during the scan?","volume":"65","author":"Morris ED","year":"2024","unstructured":"Morris ED, Emvalomenos GM, Hoye J, et\u00a0al. Modeling PET data acquired during nonsteady conditions: what if brain conditions change during the scan? 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