{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:30:28Z","timestamp":1792510228127,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"national institutes of health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00 NS123229, R01 NS136369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00 NS123229, R01 NS136369"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The study investigates the relationship between longitudinal changes in oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and remyelination in acute multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Twenty-two MS patients with 68 new gadolinium-enhancing lesions underwent MRI scans at baseline, 3\u2009months, and 12\u2009months. OEF was quantified using QQ, an integrative model combining quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent (qBOLD), while myelin content was measured by myelin water fraction using FAST-T2 imaging. A linear mixed-effect model assessed longitudinal changes in OEF and MWF and their associations. Both OEF and MWF significantly increased from baseline to 3\u2009months (OEF: 20.1%\u2009\u00b1\u20098.6%\u201325.0%\u2009\u00b1\u20096.0%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 and MWF: 7.6%\u2009\u00b1\u20092.5%\u20138.4%\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) but remained stable between 3\u2009months and 12\u2009months. A significant positive association was observed between changes in OEF and MWF from baseline to 3\u2009months (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0768,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.007). These findings suggest that early increase in OEF may reflect the metabolic demands of remyelination in acute MS lesions. This study highlights QQ\u2019s potential to enhance our understanding of oxygen metabolism-related mechanism underlying remyelination.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x261418928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T05:19:03Z","timestamp":1770614343000},"page":"1879-1888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Remyelination and its association with increased oxygen extraction fraction in acute multiple sclerosis lesions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6709-9681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Praveena","family":"Elanghovan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 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