{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:06:12Z","timestamp":1789477572728,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"national institute of neurological disorders and stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS124819"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS124819"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"national institute of neurological disorders and stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS094253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS094253"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"national institute on aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG052560"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG052560"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Nancy Taylor Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"abbvie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    [\n                    <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]UCB-J is a radioligand targeting synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A, used to image synaptic density. For quantification, a small-volume centrum semiovale area was previously optimized as a [\n                    <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]UCB-J reference region (CS2mL); however, due to its small volume, its high variability resulted in reduced reliability. Herein, we evaluated an alternative reference region method to assess longitudinal test-retest reliability and detection of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). For estimating distribution volume ratio (DVR), CS2mL and eleven white matter (WM) reference regions (range: 0.5\u2013200\u2009mL) were generated. Same-day and longitudinal test-retest variability (TRV) were assessed (24 healthy subjects (HS);\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200910 same-day and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200920 longitudinal scans, range: 7\u20131028\u2009days). Each reference region was used to evaluate the substantia nigra (SN) and caudate DVRs in HS (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200925) and PD (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200920); 10\u2009mL was the optimal reference region volume, yielding [\n                    <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]UCB-J DVR measurements with reduced variability in TRV (same-day: 10\u2009mL: 1.2\u2009\u00b1\u20095.7%, same-day: CS2mL: \u22120.9\u2009\u00b1\u20099.2% longitudinal: 10\u2009mL: 1.5\u2009\u00b1\u20097.0%, CS2mL: 1.6\u2009\u00b1\u200911.9%), while maintaining &lt;10% volume of distribution difference, compared to CS2mL. Further, a significant difference between PD and HS groups in SN and caudate DVRs was found using 10\u2009mL, with greater effect size (Cohen\u2019s\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.61 for SN and 0.66 for caudate) compared to CS2mL (0.38 for SN and 0.43 for caudate).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x261441071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T11:13:37Z","timestamp":1775819617000},"page":"2302-2311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optimized reference region and the effect on test-retest reliability and sensitivity to differences between Parkinson\u2019s disease and control groups with [\n                    <sup>11<\/sup>\n                    C]UCB-J"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3484-2452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikkita","family":"Khattar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7508-6572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Matuskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Dominique","family":"Gallezot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4408-2621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mika","family":"Naganawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4929-1932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie E","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6649-7211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faranak","family":"Ebrahimian Sadabad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4656-156X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahsa","family":"Mayeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6293-1458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Esterlis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1779-097X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher H","family":"van Dyck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Unit, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam P","family":"Mecca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Unit, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3141-1462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak Cyril","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8129-0051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nabeel B","family":"Nabulsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4972-3627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sjoerd J","family":"Finnema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6757-3220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiyun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 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