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While endocrine hormones have traditionally been thought to act on peripheral organs, emerging evidence reveals that several such hormones, including insulin, corticoids, ghrelin, and thyroid hormones, also influence central nervous system (CNS) function. These actions are supported by the presence of corresponding hormone receptors within specific brain regions. However, the mechanisms by which these peripheral signals access the brain remain insufficiently explored, particularly regarding the role of brain barriers, including the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) and blood\u2013cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). These barriers not only regulate molecular transport into the brain but may also serve as active participants in neuroendocrine communication. This review synthesizes current findings on representative peripheral hormones originating from the pancreas, small intestine, and thyroid gland. 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