{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T17:03:21Z","timestamp":1793120601670,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"national institutes of health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R56AG079586 and RF1AG062480"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R56AG079586 and RF1AG062480"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Stroke survivors face an elevated risk of developing Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), yet the biological mechanisms linking these conditions remain poorly defined. Here, we show that a stroke-induced gut microbiome is a key driver of AD-related pathology. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from stroke patients into young triple-transgenic Alzheimer\u2019s disease (3xTg-AD) mice accelerated tau phosphorylation, increased neuroinflammation, and disrupted metabolic homeostasis in both the brain and gut, compared with FMT from healthy donors. Mice receiving stroke-derived microbiota exhibited persistent, donor-specific dysbiosis and broad metabolic reprogramming involving redox balance, nucleotide metabolism, and energy pathways in cecal contents and brain tissue. These metabolic disturbances were accompanied by widespread and region-specific transcriptional changes revealed by single-cell spatial transcriptomics, including glial activation, impaired neuron\u2013glia communication, and dysregulation of mitochondrial, amyloid-processing and inflammatory pathways across cortical and hippocampal regions. Collectively, these findings identify post-stroke gut dysbiosis as a mechanistic contributor to heightened neurodegenerative vulnerability and AD risk, highlighting the gut\u2013brain axis as a potentially modifiable target for preventing post-stroke dementia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x261449017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T05:46:41Z","timestamp":1779256001000},"page":"2283-2301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Stroke-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis accelerates Alzheimer\u2019s disease progression"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0892-2803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chetan","family":"Aware","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5345-2712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carter","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9230-5412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavlo","family":"Khodakivskyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4574-1761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alok Kumar","family":"Dwivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics, and Medical Epidemiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amitai","family":"Zuckerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2724-7797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maalavika","family":"Govindarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8234-4481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kira","family":"Ivanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2454-8065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenyan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1147-0203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiankun","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2411-7460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zezong","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Goun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron C","family":"Ericsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross","family":"Zafonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Anesthesiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priti","family":"Balchandani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5197-2219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ai-Ling","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"},{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30442-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.06.3061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fresc.2022.1017180"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fstro.2022.1026066"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01743-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10110814"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00434-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5242-10.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-020-00839-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105437"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.092891"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20943823"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr087"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000080107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","article-title":"Use of the Open Field Maze to measure locomotor and anxiety-like behavior in mice","volume":"2015","author":"Seibenhener ML","unstructured":"Seibenhener ML, Wooten MC. Use of the Open Field Maze to measure locomotor and anxiety-like behavior in mice. J Vis Exp 2015: e52434.","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-8994-2_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-011-0430-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14806\/ej.17.1.200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0209-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm864"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.04371"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-021-01358-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1382-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","article-title":"Insitutype: likelihood-based cell typing for single cell spatial transcriptomics","author":"Danaher P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Danaher P, Zhao E, Yang Z, et al. Insitutype: likelihood-based cell typing for single cell spatial transcriptomics. bioRxiv 2022.","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx449"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.43"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-141422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11550"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1241259"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40214-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","article-title":"Ruminococcus torques is a keystone degrader of intestinal mucin glycoprotein, releasing oligosaccharides used by","author":"Schaus SR","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schaus SR, Vasconcelos Periera G, Luis AS, et al. Ruminococcus torques is a keystone degrader of intestinal mucin glycoprotein, releasing oligosaccharides used by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. bioRxiv 2024. doi:10.1101\/2024.01.15.575725.","journal-title":"Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. bioRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-022-00273-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1346371"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-08114-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102600"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","article-title":"Advances in metabolomics of biomarkers for ischemic stroke: from bench to clinic","author":"Sun J","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sun J, Xiao C, Zhang J, et al. Advances in metabolomics of biomarkers for ischemic stroke: from bench to clinic. Neural Regen Res 2025.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.843616"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-024-00608-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2007.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020447"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115502"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-017-2386-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2404203121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1195-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-024-01774-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-020-02200-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0228-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/pri.21767"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201801751R"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.99"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)70016-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2013.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-2289-6_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0687-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.05.047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2013.00070"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00298"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2023.1227203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2018.0170"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frmbi.2022.986951"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","first-page":"50","article-title":"Inulin supplementation mitigates gut dysbiosis and brain impairment induced by mild traumatic brain injury during chronic phase","volume":"4","author":"Yanckello LM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yanckello LM, Fanelli B, McCulloch S, et al. Inulin supplementation mitigates gut dysbiosis and brain impairment induced by mild traumatic brain injury during chronic phase. J Cell Immunol 2022; 4: 50\u201364.","journal-title":"J Cell Immunol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X261449017","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0271678X261449017","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X261449017","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T12:46:11Z","timestamp":1789476371000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0271678X261449017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0271678X261449017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678x261449017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-678X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-7016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]}}}