{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:47:57Z","timestamp":1791830877681,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"novo nordisk fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF20OC0063277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF20OC0063277"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"national institutes of health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1ZIAMH002977,1ZICMH002960"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1ZIAMH002977,1ZICMH002960"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007505","name":"kirsten og freddy johansens fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-03534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-03534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Strategic Research Area Neuroscience"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Molecular neuroimaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) enables quantification of specific molecular targets in the living brain. Despite its scientific impact, molecular neuroimaging research has historically faced challenges due to high costs, small sample sizes, laboratory-specific analysis pipelines, and limited large-scale data sharing. These factors have hindered reproducibility and the broader reuse of valuable PET datasets. The OpenNeuroPET initiative was established to address these barriers by developing standards, infrastructure, and open-source tools currently focused on PET. Through collaborations across Europe and North America, OpenNeuroPET has supported the PET extension of the Brain Imaging Data Structure (PET\u2013BIDS), providing a standardized framework for PET datasets and metadata. Building on PET\u2013BIDS, tools such as PET2BIDS, ezBIDS, and BIDSCoin facilitate data conversion and curation. In parallel, OpenNeuro now hosts PET\u2013BIDS datasets for open sharing, while complementary platforms such as PublicnEUro provide controlled-access pathways designed to support compliance with the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Emerging open-source workflows further support automated, reproducible PET analysis, promoting harmonization across centers. Together, these developments mark an important step toward an open molecular neuroimaging community in which datasets, software, and workflows can be transparently shared, reused, and scaled for collaborative research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x261490245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T04:20:35Z","timestamp":1789014035000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Building an open infrastructure for molecular neuroimaging: Standards and tools from the OpenNeuroPET initiative"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9120-8098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"Ganz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2131-5688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Norgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4010-4632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cyril","family":"Pernet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5646-4547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Granville J","family":"Matheson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet &amp; Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Medical Physics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"},{"name":"Uppsala Centre for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics (UMIT), Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Galassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5643-1243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Ceballos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5042-7422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Bilgel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Aging (NIA), Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9942-676X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cyrus","family":"Eierud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7209-1736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Gonzalez-Escamilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Wighton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6533-164X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher J","family":"Markiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3837-0707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nell","family":"Hardcastle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9418-8686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Buckholtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3007-1056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ross","family":"Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0610-0155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas N","family":"Greve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2850-1419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam G","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Science and Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6755-0259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Russell A","family":"Poldrack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vince","family":"Calhoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1238-7209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert B","family":"Innis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1508-6866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gitte M","family":"Knudsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04541-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14639239809001400"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/153535003322556877"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.44"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.71774"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600493"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20905433"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"National Electrical Manufacturers Association. DICOM PS3.3 2020b: information object definitions https:\/\/dicom.nema.org\/medical\/dicom\/2020b\/output\/chtml\/part03\/PS3.3.html (2020 accessed 1 March 2026)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2018.110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-019-0104-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01164-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","unstructured":"Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS). BIDS derivatives: introduction. BIDS specification version 1.11.1 https:\/\/bids-specification.readthedocs.io\/en\/stable\/derivatives\/introduction.html (2024 accessed 17 March 2026)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2016.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.06067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-024-02959-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2021.770608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"Gau R Gould van Praag C Huijser D et al eCOBIDAS v1.0.0. Zenodo 2020. https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/4095368."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/63343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52294\/001c.120596"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.70883\/CUOT3926"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","unstructured":"Neurobagel. https:\/\/neurobagel.org\/ (accessed 13 March 2026)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","unstructured":"Thielemans K. Open-source software development for kinetic modelling: lessons learned from image reconstruction. Presentation at the Open Kinetic Modeling Initiative Workshop IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS\/MIC) 2023 https:\/\/www.openkmi.org\/workshop\/openkmi_mic2023 (accessed 1 March 2026)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199801000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X211015101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X19880450"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.02.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2018.00094"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","unstructured":"Zanderigo F Hauser E Schmidt M et al PICNIC: an open-source Python library for preprocessing of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) brain imaging data. J Open Source Softw 2026 (under review). https:\/\/joss.theoj.org\/papers\/e101744ccc49ec37a8dd74bcce1a0855."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","unstructured":"N\u00f8rgaard M Esteban O Matheson GJ et al PETPrep: a robust preprocessing pipeline for positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging. Neuroreceptor Mapping 2026 (submitted). https:\/\/www.nrm2026.org\/detailed-program\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13550-020-00664-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","unstructured":"Matheson GJ Giacomel A Galassi A et al PETFit: a BIDS App for kinetic modelling and quantification of PET time activity curve data. Neuroreceptor Mapping 2026 (submitted). https:\/\/www.nrm2026.org\/detailed-program\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01186-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1750-23.2024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","first-page":"142578","article-title":"Building multivariate molecular imaging brain atlases using the NeuroMark PET independent component analysis framework","volume":"5","author":"Eierud C","year":"2025","unstructured":"Eierud C, N\u00f8rgaard M, Bilgel M, et al Building multivariate molecular imaging brain atlases using the NeuroMark PET independent component analysis framework. Apert Neuro 2025; 5: 142578.","journal-title":"Apert Neuro"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","unstructured":"Brain Imaging Data Structure. Templates and atlases. BIDS specification version 1.11.1 https:\/\/bids-specification.readthedocs.io\/en\/stable\/derivatives\/atlas.html (accessed 13 March 2026)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2830-16.2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116240"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.117878"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","article-title":"A PET molecular imaging brain atlas of cyclooxygenase-1 (Kim 2021)","author":"Greve D","year":"2023","unstructured":"Greve D, Wighton P, Ganz M, et al A PET molecular imaging brain atlas of cyclooxygenase-1 (Kim 2021). OpenNeuro (dataset), 2023. doi: doi:10.18112\/openneuro.ds004401.v1.3.0.","journal-title":"OpenNeuro"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.1048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsaa114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","unstructured":"OpenNeuroPET. Outreach repository https:\/\/github.com\/openneuropet\/outreach (accessed 13 March 2026)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","unstructured":"International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (INCF). BIDS for PET researchers: data curation sharing and analysis https:\/\/training.incf.org\/course\/bids-pet-researchers-data-curation-sharing-and-analysis (accessed 17 March 2026)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20974961"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26089"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NSS\/MIC\/RTSD57106.2025.11287540"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X261490245","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0271678X261490245","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X261490245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:27:28Z","timestamp":1791829648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0271678X261490245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0271678X261490245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678x261490245","relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-678X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-7016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"article-number":"0271678X261490245"}}