{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:43:06Z","timestamp":1777916586265,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,1]],"date-time":"2004-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1096588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Decis Making"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The standard gamble (SG) method and the time tradeoff (TTO) method are commonly used tomeasure utilities. However, they are distorted by biases due to loss aversion, scale compatibility, utility curvature for life duration, and probability weighting. This article applies corrections for these biases and provides new data on these biases and their corrections. The SG and TTO utilities of 6 rheumatoid arthritis health states were assessed for 45 healthy respondents. Various corrections of utilities were considered. The uncorrected TTO scores and the corrected (for utility curvature) TTO scores provided similar results. This article provides arguments suggesting that the TTO scores are biased upward rather than having balanced biases. The only downward bias in TTO scores was small and probably cannot offset the upward biases. TheTTOscores are higher than the theoretically most preferred correction of the SG, the mixed correction. These findings suggest that uncorrected SG scores, which are higher than TTO scores, are too high.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989x04268955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,3]],"date-time":"2004-09-03T01:32:42Z","timestamp":1094175162000},"page":"511-517","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Correcting Biases in Standard Gamble and Time Tradeoff Utilities"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Sylvie M. C.","family":"van Osch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Medical Decision Making, J10-S, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands; phone: +31 (0)71-5264570; fax: +31 (0)71-5266838"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter P.","family":"Wakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Creed, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilbert B.","family":"van den Hout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne M.","family":"Stiggelbout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Decision Making, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Methods for the Economic Evaluation ofHealth Care Programmes","author":"DrummondMF","year":"1999","edition":"2"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Medical Decision Making","author":"Sox HC","year":"1988"},{"key":"atypb3","first-page":"118","volume":"7","author":"Torrance GW","year":"1972","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.688"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.39.11.1382"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.31.10.1213"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X8500500208"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(95)00011-R"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"207","volume-title":"Health Status Utility Functions","author":"Pliskin JS","year":"1979"},{"key":"atypb10","author":"Bleichrodt H","journal-title":"Economic J"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.11.1497.12080"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.11.1485.12086"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.1998.0710"},{"key":"atypb14","first-page":"297","volume":"5","author":"Tversky A","year":"1992","journal-title":"J RiskUncertain"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.31.10.1213"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X0102100103"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.95.3.371"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmps.2001.1390"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.47.11.1498.10248"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11216"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199711000-00002"},{"key":"atypb22","volume-title":"Ci3-250. USA: Skim Software","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X9801800115"},{"key":"atypb24","unstructured":"24. Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek. Overlevingstafels 2001. 1 June 2003. Available from:http:\/\/www.cbs-nl."},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X9401400213"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X9401400110"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6296(03)00046-8"}],"container-title":["Medical Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0272989X04268955","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0272989X04268955","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:51:52Z","timestamp":1777657912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0272989X04268955"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0272989X04268955"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0272989x04268955","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-989X","1552-681X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-989X","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-681X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]}}}