{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T23:38:07Z","timestamp":1783467487121,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,22]],"date-time":"2019-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.sagepub.com\/licence-information-for-chorus"}],"funder":[{"name":"CRICO Harvard Risk Management Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23883577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23883577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of Robotics Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We conducted a study to investigate trust in and dependence upon robotic decision support among nurses and doctors on a labor and delivery floor. There is evidence that suggestions provided by embodied agents engender inappropriate degrees of trust and reliance among humans. This concern represents a critical barrier that must be addressed before fielding intelligent hospital service robots that take initiative to coordinate patient care. We conducted our experiment with nurses and physicians, and evaluated the subjects\u2019 levels of trust in and dependence upon high- and low-quality recommendations issued by robotic versus computer-based decision support. The decision support, generated through action-driven learning from expert demonstration, produced high-quality recommendations that were accepted by nurses and physicians at a compliance rate of 90%. Rates of Type I and Type II errors were comparable between robotic and computer-based decision support. Furthermore, embodiment appeared to benefit performance, as indicated by a higher degree of appropriate dependence after the quality of recommendations changed over the course of the experiment. These results support the notion that a robotic assistant may be able to safely and effectively assist with patient care. Finally, we conducted a pilot demonstration in which a robot-assisted resource nurses on a labor and delivery floor at a tertiary care center.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364918778344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,23]],"date-time":"2018-06-23T00:24:26Z","timestamp":1529713466000},"page":"1300-1316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Robotic assistance in the coordination of patient care"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Gombolay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi Jessie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samir","family":"Wadhwania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neel","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toni","family":"Golen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0278364918778344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015330.1015430"},{"key":"bibr2-0278364918778344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-010-0082-7"},{"key":"bibr3-0278364918778344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-008-0001-3"},{"key":"bibr4-0278364918778344","volume-title":"Optimization over Integers","author":"Bertsimas D","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr5-0278364918778344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/01439911111179075"},{"key":"bibr6-0278364918778344","unstructured":"Brandenburg L, Gabow P, Steele G, Toussaint J, Tyson BJ (2015) Innovation and best practices in health care scheduling. 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