{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:42:45Z","timestamp":1780393365979,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]],"date-time":"2013-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The problem of diagnosing whether a solitary pulmonary nodule is benign or malignant is even greater in developing countries due to a higher prevalence of infectious diseases. These infections generate a large number of patients who are generally asymptomatic and with a pulmonary nodule that cannot be accurately defined as having benign or malignant etiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To verify the percentages of benign versus malignant non-calcified nodules, the length of time after contrast agent injection is spiral computed tomography (CT) most sensitive and specific, and whether three postcontrast phases are necessary.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied 23 patients with solitary pulmonary nodules identified on chest radiographs or CT. Spiral scans were obtained with Swensen protocol, but at 3, 4, and 5 min after contrast injection onset. Nodules were classified as benign or malignant by histopathological examination or by an absence or presence of growth after 2 years of follow-up CT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 23 patients studied, 18 (78.2%) showed a final diagnosis of benign and five (21.7%) malignant nodules. Despite the small sample size, we obtained results similar to those of Swensen et al., with 80.0% sensitivity, 55.5% specificity, and 60.8% accuracy. Four minutes gave the greatest mean enhancement in both malignant and benign lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Small non-calcified benign nodules were much more frequent than malignant nodules. The best time for dynamic contrast-enhanced CT density analysis was 4 min postcontrast. As well as saving time and money, this simplified Swensen protocol with only precontrast and 4 min postcontrast phases also reduces patient exposure to ionizing radiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185113481695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,5]],"date-time":"2013-04-05T19:40:08Z","timestamp":1365190808000},"page":"757-764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Proposal to utilize simplified Swensen protocol in diagnosis of isolated pulmonary nodule"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Sergio Marrone","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Diseases and Diagnostic Imaging, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP \u2013 Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raul Lopes","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP \u2013 Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo Hyung Bok","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP \u2013 Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele Cristina","family":"Cataneo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP \u2013 Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Jos\u00e9 Maria","family":"Cataneo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP \u2013 Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(93)90339-J"},{"key":"bibr2-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.135.1.1"},{"key":"bibr3-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(95)01014-9"},{"key":"bibr4-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.194.2.7824716"},{"key":"bibr5-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.201.2.8888239"},{"key":"bibr6-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.214.1.r00ja1473"},{"key":"bibr7-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2372041887"},{"key":"bibr8-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.1_suppl.89S"},{"key":"bibr9-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2262010556"},{"key":"bibr10-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-1261"},{"key":"bibr11-0284185113481695","first-page":"295","volume":"6","author":"Sriamporn S","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"bibr12-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2006.0049"},{"key":"bibr13-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)06093-6"},{"key":"bibr14-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(03)00113-1"},{"key":"bibr15-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(05)70146-9","volume":"38","author":"Yankelvitz DF","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"bibr16-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.52.1.23"},{"key":"bibr17-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(84)80106-5"},{"key":"bibr18-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)02847-0","volume":"3","author":"Viamonte M","year":"1965","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"bibr19-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2331031535"},{"key":"bibr20-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.205.2.9356631"},{"key":"bibr21-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2372041549"},{"key":"bibr22-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.194.2.7824717"},{"key":"bibr23-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-8-186"},{"key":"bibr24-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.184.2.1620844"},{"key":"bibr25-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005382-199324000-00004"},{"key":"bibr26-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.200.3.8756914"},{"key":"bibr27-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.163.3.8079841"},{"key":"bibr28-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.217.1.r00oc20257"},{"key":"bibr29-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.144.1.6283592"},{"key":"bibr30-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.114.5.1305"},{"key":"bibr31-0284185113481695","first-page":"235","volume":"58","author":"Hyodo T","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Med Okayama"},{"key":"bibr32-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.140.3.473"},{"key":"bibr33-0284185113481695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.168.2.9016198"}],"container-title":["Acta Radiologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0284185113481695","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0284185113481695","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0284185113481695","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:59:55Z","timestamp":1777384795000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0284185113481695"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0284185113481695"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0284185113481695","relation":{},"ISSN":["0284-1851","1600-0455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0284-1851","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}}}