{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:49:48Z","timestamp":1790268588963,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468972800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thymoma exhibits a range of histological and biological features and their imaging findings varies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the associations between CT findings of thymomas and their classification according to the Masaoka staging system and World Health Organization (WHO) classification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-four patients with thymoma were evaluated. Comparisons between the CT findings of Masaoka stage I\/II and III\/IV lesions, and the WHO type A-B1 (low risk) and B2\/B3 (high risk) lesions were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stage III\/IV thymomas (mean size, 60\u2009mm) were significantly larger than stage I\/II (45\u2009mm) lesions and had more irregular shape and contour. Necrosis and calcification were observed in 16 (59%) and nine (33%) stage III\/IV thymomas, and 16 (28%) and seven (12%) stage I\/II lesions, respectively. Regarding the WHO classification, the high-risk thymomas displayed irregular shape and contour more often than low-risk lesions. There were significant differences between the patterns of mediastinal invasion seen in high- and low-risk groups; 21 (68%) vs. six (12%) lesions demonstrated mediastinal fat invasion, seven (23%) vs. two (4%) lesions exhibited great vessel invasion, five (16%) vs. 0 (0%) lesions displayed pericardial invasion, and 18 (58%) vs. 10 (20%) lesions invaded the lungs, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Masaoka stage III\/IV thymomas were larger in size, had more irregular shape and contour, and exhibited necrosis and calcification more often than the stage I\/II lesions. In the WHO classification, high-risk thymomas demonstrated more irregular shape and contour than low-risk thymomas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185115590288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]],"date-time":"2015-06-18T21:45:54Z","timestamp":1434663954000},"page":"1318-1325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Associations between computed tomography features of thymomas and their pathological classification"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Ozawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Shimohira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoo","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"Shibamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 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