{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T03:05:40Z","timestamp":1778295940335,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]],"date-time":"2017-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with\u00a0thalassemia major (TM) require repeated blood transfusions, which leads to accumulation of iron in a wide variety of tissues. Accumulation of iron in the pituitary gland can lead to irreversible hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) in this group of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the reliability of pituitary-R2 as a marker to estimate the extent of pituitary iron load by comparing the pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with hepatic iron load and serum ferritin levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 38 \u03b2-TM patients were classified into HH (group A, n\u2009=\u200918) and non-HH (group B, n\u2009=\u200917) groups. A third group, group C, consisted of 17 healthy participants. Each participant underwent 1.5-T MRI examinations. Pituitary gland heights (PGH), pituitary-R2 values, and liver-R2 values were measured by using multi-echo spin-echo sequences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pituitary-R2 values were significantly higher in group A compared with group B ( P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). A positive correlation was detected between the pituitary-R2 values and serum ferritin levels in TM patients ( P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). A threshold value of 14.1\u2009Hz for pituitary-R2 was found to give a high specificity and sensitivity in distinguishing the TM patients with HH from those with normal pituitary functions. PGH measurements were significantly lower in group A compared with group B ( P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MRI-assessed pituitary-R2 seems to be a reliable marker for differentiating the TM patients with normal pituitary function from those with secondary hypogonadism due to iron toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185117730099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]],"date-time":"2017-09-08T01:21:58Z","timestamp":1504833718000},"page":"732-739","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["MRI assessment of pituitary iron accumulation by using pituitary-R2 in \u03b2-thalassemia patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Bozda\u011f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selen","family":"Bayraktaro\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye\u015fim","family":"Ayd\u0131nok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Cem","family":"\u00c7all\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, 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