{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T11:40:58Z","timestamp":1793187658759,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,18]],"date-time":"2019-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"This research was supported in part by Philips Healthcare under a research agreement with University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In CT imaging, a high concentration of iodinated contrast media in axillary and subclavian veins after brachial application can cause perivenous artifacts impairing diagnostic assessment of local vascular structures and soft tissue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate reduction of perivenous hypo- and hyperattenuating artifacts of the axillary and subclavian veins using virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) in comparison to conventional CT images (CI), acquired on spectral-detector CT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>50 spectral-detector CT datasets of patients with perivenous artifacts from contrast media were included in this retrospective, institutional review board-approved study. CT images and virtual monoenergetic images (range 40\u2013200 keV, 10-keV increments) were reconstructed from the same scans. Quantitative analysis was performed by region of interest-based assessment of mean attenuation (HU) and standard deviation in most pronounced hypo- and hyperdense artifacts and artifact-impaired arteries as well as muscle. Visually, artifact reduction, assessment of vessels, and surrounding soft tissue were rated on 5-point Likert-scales by two radiologists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In comparison to CT images, virtual monoenergetic images of \u226590 keV showed a significant reduction of hypo- and hyperattenuating artifacts (hypodense: CI -220.0\u00b1171.2 HU; VMI\n                      <jats:sub>130keV<\/jats:sub>\n                      -13.4\u00b149.1 HU; hyperdense: CI 274.6\u00b1184.4 HU; VMI\n                      <jats:sub>130keV<\/jats:sub>\n                      24.2\u00b184.9 HU; P&lt;0.001). Subjective analysis confirmed that virtual-monoenergetic images of \u2265100 keV significantly reduced artifacts (hypodense: CI 2[1\u20133]; VMI\n                      <jats:sub>130keV<\/jats:sub>\n                      5[4\u20135], hyperdense: CI 2[1\u20134]; VMI\n                      <jats:sub>130keV<\/jats:sub>\n                      5[5\u20135], P&lt;0.001) and improved diagnostic assessment. Best results for diagnostic assessment were noted for virtual monoenergetic images at 130 keV. Overcorrection of artifacts was observed at higher keV values. Interrater agreement was excellent for each evaluation and keV value (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.89).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher keV virtual monoenergetic images yielded significant reduction of contrast media artifacts and led to improved assessment of vessels and surrounding soft tissue. Recommended keV values for best diagnostic assessment are in the range of 100\u2013160 keV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185119868904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T01:02:50Z","timestamp":1566176570000},"page":"450-460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Role of spectral-detector CT in reduction of artifacts from contrast media in axillary and subclavian veins: single institution study in 50 patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5600-5914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai Roman","family":"Laukamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Gro\u00dfe Hokamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena Carola","family":"Obmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Intitute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank Philipp","family":"Graner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Ros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikhil","family":"Ramaiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Gilkeson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 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