{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:48:30Z","timestamp":1777506510174,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]],"date-time":"2020-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004035","name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20170326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20170326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The low subject contrast between cancerous and fibroglandular tissue could obscure breast abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate radiologists\u2019 performance for detection of breast cancer in low and high mammographic density (MD) when cases are digitally acquired.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A test set of 60 digital mammography cases, of which 20 were cancerous, were examined by 17 radiologists. Mammograms were categorized as low (\u226450%) or high (&gt;50%) MD and rated for suspicion of malignancy using the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiology (RANZCR) classification system. Radiologist demographics including cases read per year, age, subspecialty, and years of reporting were recorded. Radiologist performance was analyzed by the following metrics: sensitivity; specificity; area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), location sensitivity, and jackknife free-response ROC (JAFROC) figure of merit (FOM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comparing high to low MD cases, radiologists showed a significantly higher sensitivity ( P\u2009=\u20090.015), AUC ( P\u2009=\u20090.003), location sensitivity ( P\u2009=\u20090.002), and JAFROC FOM ( P\u2009=\u20090.001). In high compared to low MD cases, radiologists with &lt;1000 annual reads and radiologists with no mammographic subspecialty had significantly higher AUC, location sensitivity, and JAFROC FOM. Radiologists with \u22651000 annual reads and radiologists with mammography subspecialty demonstrated a significant increase in location sensitivity in high compared to low MD cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this experimental situation, radiologists\u2019 performance was higher when reading cases with high compared to low MD. Experienced radiologists were able to precisely localize lesions in breasts with higher MD. Further studies in unselected screening materials are needed to verify the results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185120938367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]],"date-time":"2020-07-05T23:46:18Z","timestamp":1593992778000},"page":"707-714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Does mammographic density remain a radiological challenge in the digital era?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1315-7459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana S","family":"Al-Mousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Rawashdeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maram","family":"Alakhras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly M","family":"Spuur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry and Health Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rula","family":"AbuTaimai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jordan Breast Cancer Program (JBCP), Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick C","family":"Brennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Image Optimisation and Perception Group (MIOPeG), Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0284185120938367","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"bibr2-0284185120938367","unstructured":"Jordan Ministry of Health. 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