{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:12:50Z","timestamp":1788307970226,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PRORECT trial compares proton and photon radiotherapy in rectal cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate inter-observer agreement in gross tumor volume (GTV) delineation between a radiation oncologist and a radiologist in the PRORECT trial. In addition, we evaluated baseline tumor volume and length as predictors of clinical complete response (cCR) and compared tumor length and tumor and nodal staging (TN-stage) between diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and treatment planning MRI (tpMRI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 50 consecutive patients underwent dMRI and tpMRI. GTV on tpMRI were delineated by a radiation oncologist (GTVo) and a radiologist (GTVr). Tumor lengths and TN staging were determined by the radiologist on both dMRI and tpMRI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients underwent dMRI and tpMRI with a median interval of 23 days (range=10\u201351 days). Median GTVo and GTVr volumes were 41.3 cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      (range=3.7\u2013149.9 cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and 29.6 cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      (range=1.1\u2013137 cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), respectively. The median Dice score was 0.75 (range=0.3\u20130.86). GTVo and GTVr were highly positively correlated (r(48)\u2009=\u20090.919;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and the median volume difference was significant (W, Z\u2009=\u2009\u22124.5214;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). GTVr volume, but not tumor length, was significantly correlated with cCR (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>pb<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.395,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200950;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005). Increasing GTVr was associated with reduced likelihood of achieving cCR. No changes in TN stage between dMRI and tpMRI were observed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall inter-observer agreement in GTV delineation between radiologist and radiation oncologist was good (median Dice score = 0.75 [range=0.3\u20130.86]). There was a small difference in measured tumor length between dMRI and tpMRI, but no change in TN stage between dMRI and tpMRI. GTVr was a significant predictor of achieving cCR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02841851261468005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:42:41Z","timestamp":1784554961000},"page":"749-755","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inter-observer variation in rectal cancer gross tumor volume delineation by radiologist and oncologist"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0420-6551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iuliana","family":"Stratulat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital"},{"name":"Karolinska Institutet"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Nedar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital"},{"name":"Karolinska Institutet"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Almhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institutet"},{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7281-0991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Valdman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institutet"},{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009734.2012.658974"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30555-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102771"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2022.100562"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"33","article-title":"Variability of clinical target volume delineation for rectal cancer patients planned for neoadjuvant radiotherapy with the aid of the platform Anatom-e","volume":"11","author":"Franco P","year":"2018","unstructured":"Franco P, Arcadipane F, Trino E, et al. Variability of clinical target volume delineation for rectal cancer patients planned for neoadjuvant radiotherapy with the aid of the platform Anatom-e. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2018; 11: 33\u201339.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2025.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2011.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2022.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2012.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2014.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"303","article-title":"Improving radiotherapy planning, delivery accuracy, and normal tissue sparing using cutting edge technologies","volume":"6","author":"Glide-Hurst CK","year":"2014","unstructured":"Glide-Hurst CK, Chetty IJ. Improving radiotherapy planning, delivery accuracy, and normal tissue sparing using cutting edge technologies. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6: 303\u2013318.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23905"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20150097"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000000909"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22696"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000942"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2014.08.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zrae151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-015-0068-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-022-11914-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.13095"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-012-0829-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i18.2122"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269931"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i25.3802"}],"container-title":["Acta Radiologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02841851261468005","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/02841851261468005","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02841851261468005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:17:43Z","timestamp":1788304663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/02841851261468005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/02841851261468005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02841851261468005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0284-1851","1600-0455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0284-1851","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]}}}