{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T13:34:08Z","timestamp":1777469648320,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3P2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,5,1]],"date-time":"1996-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":830908800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biliary fistula and gallstone ileus are rarely found. The diagnosis is difficult and may be delayed until operation. We reviewed the radiological findings in a retrospective material.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cases of 16 patients treated for biliary fistula were analyzed with respect to findings at imaging. Ten patients had a spontaneous fistula. Nine of them had an internal bilioduodenal fistula and one had an external fistula with stones passing through a subcutaneous abscess. Five patients also had gallstone ileus and one patient a rare gastric outlet obstruction caused by a gallstone (Bouveret's syndrome). Six patients had an iatrogenic fistula. One of them had internal bile ascites and 5 an external fistula, one of which was a biliocystic fistula resulting from attempted hepatic cyst sclerotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Various imaging modalities were used and there was often a delay in the diagnosis. Imaging did not show the fistula itself in any of the spontaneous cases. However, a nonvisualized or shrunken gallbladder seen at US often coexisted in these cases. CT yielded the diagnosis in one case of gallstone ileus, and a Gastrografin meal yielded it in the case of Bouveret's syndrome. Fistulography and cholangiography provided a correct diagnosis of fistula in all cases of iatrogenic biliocutaneous fistulas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with biliary fistula usually undergo examinations with nonspecific results. The imaging findings could be more specific if the possibility of this diagnosis were remembered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02841851960373p295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,11]],"date-time":"2015-06-11T06:26:50Z","timestamp":1434004010000},"page":"917-922","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Radiological Findings in Biliary Fistula and Gallstone Ileus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Oikarinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Oulu, Finland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"P\u00e4iv\u00e4nsalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Oulu, Finland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Tikkakoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Oulu, Finland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Saarela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Oulu, Finland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199305010-00014"},{"key":"bibr2-02841851960373P295","first-page":"654","volume":"81","author":"Casella R.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Schweiz. Rundsch. Med. Prax."},{"key":"bibr3-02841851960373P295","first-page":"1199","volume":"81","author":"Chait M. M.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"bibr4-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(05)80260-0"},{"key":"bibr5-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870210510"},{"key":"bibr6-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1012850"},{"key":"bibr7-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198601000-00034"},{"key":"bibr8-02841851960373P295","first-page":"705","volume":"85","author":"Hoffmann B. J.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"bibr9-02841851960373P295","first-page":"57","volume":"60","author":"Hoffmann W.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bildgebung"},{"key":"bibr10-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199402000-00006"},{"key":"bibr11-02841851960373P295","first-page":"319","volume":"17","author":"Illuminati G.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ital. J. Surg. Sci."},{"key":"bibr12-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800810534"},{"key":"bibr13-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199403000-00017"},{"key":"bibr14-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00311738"},{"key":"bibr15-02841851960373P295","first-page":"479","volume":"28","author":"Pedersen P. R.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Radiologe"},{"key":"bibr16-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(89)72896-0"},{"key":"bibr17-02841851960373P295","first-page":"441","volume":"60","author":"Reisner R. M.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. Surg."},{"key":"bibr18-02841851960373P295","first-page":"1070","volume-title":"Textbook of surgery","author":"Rosato F. E.","year":"1991"},{"key":"bibr19-02841851960373P295","first-page":"769","volume":"137","author":"Safaie-Shirazi S.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Surg. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"bibr20-02841851960373P295","first-page":"132","volume":"32","author":"Schima W.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiologe"},{"key":"bibr21-02841851960373P295","first-page":"562","volume":"39","author":"Schutte H.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"bibr22-02841851960373P295","first-page":"1296","volume":"83","author":"Schwacha H.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Schweiz. Rundsch. Med. Prax."},{"key":"bibr23-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199308000-00008"},{"key":"bibr24-02841851960373P295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800540803"},{"key":"bibr25-02841851960373P295","first-page":"18","volume":"40","author":"Tinozzi S.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Chir. Ital."},{"key":"bibr26-02841851960373P295","first-page":"544","volume-title":"Current surgical diagnosis and treatment","author":"Way L. W.","year":"1991"}],"container-title":["Acta Radiologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02841851960373P295","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02841851960373P295","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:37:00Z","timestamp":1777383420000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/02841851960373P295"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3P2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/02841851960373P295"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02841851960373p295","relation":{},"ISSN":["0284-1851","1600-0455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0284-1851","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]}}}