{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T13:32:36Z","timestamp":1777728756734,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,29]],"date-time":"2016-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475107200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the effect and mechanism of action of metformin on proliferation of a human hypopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (FaDu).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FaDu cells were treated with metformin (25\u2013125\u2009mmol\/l). Cell proliferation was evaluated via CCK-8 assay. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription\u2013polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate microRNA (miR)-21-5p and PDCD4 (programmed cell death 4) expression. PDCD4 protein was quantified by Western blot.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metformin significantly inhibited FaDu cell proliferation in a dose- (25\u2013100\u2009mmol\/l) and time-dependent manner (12\u2009h\u201336\u2009h), significantly downregulated miR-21-5p, and upregulated PDCD4 mRNA and protein expression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metformin significantly inhibited FaDu cell proliferation , possibly via downregulation of miR-21-5p and upregulation of PDCD4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060516642645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,29]],"date-time":"2016-09-29T21:29:36Z","timestamp":1475184576000},"page":"1049-1054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The effect and mechanism of action of metformin on in\u00a0vitro FaDu cell proliferation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Ruijie","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaolan","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinliang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dayu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24651"},{"key":"bibr2-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2298\/ACI0901035M"},{"key":"bibr3-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318173dc4a"},{"key":"bibr4-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-5-91"},{"key":"bibr5-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21613"},{"key":"bibr6-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-s011"},{"key":"bibr7-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38415.708634.F7"},{"key":"bibr8-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-009-9407-y"},{"key":"bibr9-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033411"},{"key":"bibr10-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1313"},{"key":"bibr11-0300060516642645","first-page":"57","volume":"2","author":"Kasznicki J","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"bibr12-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1211024"},{"key":"bibr13-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-13-327"},{"key":"bibr14-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2009.00954.x"},{"key":"bibr15-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0370918"},{"key":"bibr16-0300060516642645","first-page":"2653","volume":"12","author":"Liu J","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"bibr17-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-427-8_4"},{"key":"bibr18-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000256090.42690.05"},{"key":"bibr19-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8595"},{"key":"bibr20-0300060516642645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park J, Kim WG, Zhao L, et\u00a0al. 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