{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T22:16:07Z","timestamp":1787868967467,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the effect of pretreatment with midazolam on myoclonus induced by etomidate injection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software, version 5.2. Two researchers independently searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase\u00ae databases for randomized controlled trials involving patients who underwent etomidate induced general anaesthesia with or without midazolam pretreatment, published between 1990 and 2016. Outcome measures comprised overall myoclonus incidence rate and incidence rate classified by degree of myoclonus following etomidate injection. Data were assessed using a fixed effects model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five studies, comprising 302 patients, were included for analysis. Overall incidence rate of etomidate injection-induced myoclonus was significantly lower in the pooled midazolam group versus controls (relative risk [RR] 0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.26, 0.44); Results subgrouped by degree of myoclonus showed significantly lower incidence in midazolam groups versus control groups for mild myoclonus (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.39, 0.80); moderate myoclonus (RR 0.20, 95% CI 0.10, 0.41); and severe myoclonus (RR 0.12, 95% CI 0.04, 0.39).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Midazolam can effectively prevent etomidate-induced myoclonus, and alleviate the degree of etomidate-induced myoclonus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060516682882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T07:51:21Z","timestamp":1486021881000},"page":"399-406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effect of pretreatment with midazolam on etomidate-induced myoclonus: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Chengmao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/51.4.347"},{"key":"bibr2-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03008288"},{"key":"bibr3-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-9784.154470"},{"key":"bibr4-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199901000-00017"},{"key":"bibr5-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198908000-00022"},{"key":"bibr6-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198610000-00002"},{"key":"bibr7-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198804000-00055"},{"key":"bibr8-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(95)00134-4"},{"key":"bibr9-0300060516682882","first-page":"161","volume":"6","author":"Patel MH","year":"2015","journal-title":"Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences"},{"key":"bibr10-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9185.74905","volume":"26","author":"Aktolga S","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Anaesth Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"bibr11-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000803600103"},{"key":"bibr12-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000287248.25610.c0"},{"key":"bibr13-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0303100103"},{"key":"bibr14-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kugler J, Doenicke A and Laub M. The EEG after etomidate. In Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation Volume 106; Doenicke A (ed)\n                      Etomidate: an intravenous hypnotic agent first report on clinical and experimental experience\n                      . Berlin Heidelberg New York: Springer-Verlag, 1977, pp.31\u201348.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-66787-9_7"},{"key":"bibr15-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198411000-00029"},{"key":"bibr16-0300060516682882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1638\/2009-0116R3.1"}],"container-title":["Journal of International Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0300060516682882","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0300060516682882","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0300060516682882","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:53:29Z","timestamp":1777460009000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0300060516682882"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0300060516682882"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300060516682882","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0605","1473-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0605","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]}}}