{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:06:20Z","timestamp":1787018780298,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,21]],"date-time":"2017-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498003200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the relationship between cellular apoptosis and hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum in the lumbar region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty patients with lumbar spinal stenosis were evaluated. Hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum was present in 15 patients and absent in 15. Hematoxylin\u2013eosin staining and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-\u03b2) immunohistochemical testing were applied to compare these two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Derangement of fibrous alignment, fibrocartilage changes, and infiltration of inflammatory cells were observed in the patients with hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum, while fibrous alignment was normal and few inflammatory cells were observed in patients without hypertrophy. Immunohistochemical studies showed positive expression of TGF-\u03b2 in patients with hypertrophy, while expression was negative in patients without hypertrophy. The integrated optical density was 2.6556708 in the hypertrophy group and 23104671 in the normal controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Expression of TGF-\u03b2 was closely related to hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum. Appropriate application of the TGF-\u03b2 expression level can be used to predict progression of hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060517711308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,21]],"date-time":"2017-06-21T10:22:02Z","timestamp":1498040522000},"page":"2036-2041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum and expression of transforming growth factor beta"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Aierken","family":"Amudong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Urumqi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aikeremujiang","family":"Muheremu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Urumqi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuerhongjiang","family":"Abudourexiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Urumqi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000731"},{"key":"bibr2-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2016.08.007"},{"key":"bibr3-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-3030-z"},{"key":"bibr4-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000755"},{"key":"bibr5-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2631"},{"key":"bibr6-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2241"},{"key":"bibr7-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sakamaki T, Sairyo K, Sakai T, et al. Measurements of ligamentum flavum thickening at lumbar spine using MRI.\n                      Arch Orthop Trauma Surg\n                      2009; 129: 1415.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-009-0849-1"},{"key":"bibr8-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00f6hr M, Hampl JA, Lee JY, et al. Hypertrophy of the lumbar ligamentum flavum is associated with inflammation-related TGF-\u03b2 expression.\n                      Acta Neurochir\n                      2011; 153: 134\u2013141.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-010-0839-7"},{"key":"bibr9-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-103-2-271"},{"key":"bibr10-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001226"},{"key":"bibr11-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23281"},{"key":"bibr12-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148584"},{"key":"bibr13-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000755"},{"key":"bibr14-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31811dfc2d"},{"key":"bibr15-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200111010-00007"},{"key":"bibr16-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000188117.77657.ee"},{"key":"bibr17-0300060517711308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(02)00046-3"}],"container-title":["Journal of International Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0300060517711308","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0300060517711308","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0300060517711308","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:54:02Z","timestamp":1777460042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0300060517711308"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,21]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0300060517711308"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300060517711308","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0605","1473-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0605","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,21]]}}}