{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:20:21Z","timestamp":1790508021380,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,5]],"date-time":"2018-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536105600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the clinical efficacy of cyclophosphamide (CTX) and cyclosporine A (CSA) in initial treatment of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospectively maintained databases were reviewed to retrospectively compare two cohorts with SRNS that received peroral administration of 2 to 2.5 mg\/kg\/d CTX for 3 to 6 months or 1 to 5 mg\/kg\/d CSA for 2 years until the primary analysis cut-off date during 2007 to 2011. The time to first on-study relapse of SRNS was the primary endpoint. The effective rate was the second endpoint.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 127 children with SRNS were included (CTX-treated cohort: n\u2009=\u200962; CSA-treated cohort: n\u2009=\u200965), with a mean 5-year follow-up. CTX-treated children showed a significantly delayed time to first on-study relapse of SRNS compared with CSA-treated children (hazard ratio 0.66, 95% confidence interval 0.32\u20131.75). The relapse rate (rate\/year) in CTX-treated children (1.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1) at the 24-month follow-up was significantly higher than that with CSA (0.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2). This difference persisted until the final follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CSA is associated with a significantly lower relapse rate and significantly higher effective rate compared with CTX, especially in children with minimal change disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060518782017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,5]],"date-time":"2018-09-05T23:30:52Z","timestamp":1536190252000},"page":"4506-4517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cyclophosphamide versus cyclosporine A therapy in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: a retrospective study with a mean 5-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Yanwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruikun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Examination, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhong","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingdong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenglai","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Central Laboratory, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keke","family":"Gui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 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