{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:51:24Z","timestamp":1777726284829,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation in China","award":["91859115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91859115"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate pelvic floor biometry of asymptomatic primiparous women compared with nulliparous women by using four-dimensional transperineal ultrasound (4D TPUS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From July 2015 to February 2017, 722 women were enrolled and divided into the nulliparous group (n\u2009=\u2009292), the vaginal delivery group (n\u2009=\u2009272), and the elective cesarean section group (n\u2009=\u2009158). The ultrasound parameters of 4D TPUS were compared among the groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The vaginal delivery group had a significantly greater bladder neck descent (\u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04), retrovesical angles on Valsalva maneuver (\u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01), urethral rotation (\u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01), levator hiatus area on Valsalva maneuver (\u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02), urethral inclination angle (\u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02), and funneling of the proximal urethra (\u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.11) than the other two groups. Comparison of the two modes of delivery (vaginal delivery and cesarean section) also showed significant differences in the above-mentioned ultrasound parameters.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are significant differences in pelvic floor biometry between asymptomatic primiparous women and nulliparous women, as well as between women with vaginal delivery and those with elective cesarean section.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520920393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]],"date-time":"2020-04-30T08:56:02Z","timestamp":1588236962000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Pelvic floor biometry in asymptomatic primiparous women compared with nulliparous women: a single-center study in Southern China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Yong-jiang","family":"Mao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-juan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie-hua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3783-0465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin-ling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0300060520920393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e328357628b"},{"key":"bibr2-0300060520920393","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"Kazemirad NLS.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Res J Obstet 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