{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:41:06Z","timestamp":1792701666470,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government","award":["NRF 2017R1D1A1B3030021 and 2019R1F1A1049878"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF 2017R1D1A1B3030021 and 2019R1F1A1049878"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Abnormal autophagy plays a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. This study aimed to evaluate associations between the clinical manifestations of chronic otitis media (COM) and expression of autophagy markers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Associations between presence of bacteria, otorrhea, and conductive and sensorineural hearing loss and levels of autophagy-related mRNAs were investigated in 47 patients with COM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autophagy-related mRNAs were detected in all inflammatory tissues of COM patients. LC3-II showed the highest level of expression, followed by Beclin-1, P13KC3, Rubicon, and mTOR. Beclin-1 mRNA levels were significantly lower in culture-positive than in culture-negative patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of COM. The finding that expression of autophagy markers, especially Beclin-1, was lower in culture-positive than in culture-negative patients suggested that these markers are closely associated with the clinical features of COM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520936174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]],"date-time":"2020-06-26T21:27:17Z","timestamp":1593206837000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Decreased expression of autophagy markers in culture-positive patients with chronic otitis media"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Junyang","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Choon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Il","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Hye","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8021-1024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Geun","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.10.015"},{"key":"bibr2-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2013.12.001"},{"key":"bibr3-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2011.104"},{"key":"bibr4-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-015-1297-8"},{"key":"bibr5-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2017.17.2.77"},{"key":"bibr6-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2014.143"},{"key":"bibr7-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2013.11.028"},{"key":"bibr8-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.35"},{"key":"bibr9-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.04.004"},{"key":"bibr10-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2003.00292.x"},{"key":"bibr11-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/iao.2018.4481"},{"key":"bibr12-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15495-0"},{"key":"bibr13-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488109133263"},{"key":"bibr14-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2013.04.014"},{"key":"bibr15-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.2014.899902"},{"key":"bibr16-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086397"},{"key":"bibr17-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3197"},{"key":"bibr18-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI73939"},{"key":"bibr19-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2010.191"},{"key":"bibr20-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI73946"},{"key":"bibr21-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket471"},{"key":"bibr22-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.01.009"},{"key":"bibr23-0300060520936174","unstructured":"Baek MJ. Chronic suppurative otitis media. In:\n                      Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery\n                      , 2nd ed. Seoul: KoonJa Publishing, 2018, pp.399\u2013414."},{"key":"bibr24-0300060520936174","unstructured":"Gulya AJ, Minor LB, Poe DS. Surgery of the ear, 6th ed.  Connecticut:  People\u2019s Medical Publishing House, 2010, pp.427\u2013433."},{"key":"bibr25-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2018.1447685"},{"key":"bibr26-0300060520936174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18102164"}],"container-title":["Journal of International Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0300060520936174","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0300060520936174","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0300060520936174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:47:04Z","timestamp":1777459624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0300060520936174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0300060520936174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300060520936174","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0605","1473-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0605","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"article-number":"0300060520936174"}}