{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:54:36Z","timestamp":1777726476113,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aetiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is multifactorial, sometimes genetic, and may be associated with abnormal immunological responses to peptides from proteins such as gluten. These peptides may cross the blood-brain barrier and affect neurotransmission, resulting in behavioural symptoms consistent with ASD. The aim of this study was to screen for markers of gluten-related immune reactivity in the absence of overt gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with ASD in the United Arab Emirates, a country associated with a high prevalence of ASD but lacking this type of research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients diagnosed with ASD (using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-based criteria and Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedules) were compared with controls, regarding anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) immunoglobulin (Ig) A and anti-deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) IgA levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-six patients with ASD and 101 controls were included. Patients with ASD showed statistically significant lower anti-DGP IgA levels, but no significant difference in anti-tTG IgA levels, versus healthy controls. Correlations between immunological data and clinical symptoms were synergistic, but not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ASD may be associated with reduced levels of anti-DGP IgA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520952655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T05:27:20Z","timestamp":1600752440000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Measures of gluten-related reactivity in children with autism spectrum disorders in the absence of overt gastrointestinal symptoms: a pilot study from the United Arab Emirates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abdel-Maksoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Maudsley Health, Al-Amal Psychiatric Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Ministry of Health and Prevention (MOHAP), Al-Amal Psychiatric Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Aly El-Gabry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahani","family":"Al Kayoumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Ministry of Health and Prevention (MOHAP), Al-Amal Psychiatric Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamila","family":"Alketbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Behavioural Science Institute, Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duaa","family":"Mohamednour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erada Centre for Treatment and Rehabilitation, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Elhassan Elamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Highfield Healthcare, Dublin, Republic of Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marri","family":"Subhash Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Behavioural Science Institute, Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zain Ali","family":"Al Yafei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratories Department, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab 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Behavioural Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0300060520952655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171400172X"},{"key":"bibr2-0300060520952655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6503a1"},{"key":"bibr3-0300060520952655","first-page":"1","volume":"61","author":"Wingate M","year":"2012","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill 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