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Most symptoms are nonspecific, and the exact pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Early diagnosis and new treatment methods are important for an improved prognosis. A summary of the clinical information and mechanistic analyses may contribute to making an early diagnosis and development of new treatment methods. A PubMed search was conducted using the specific key words \u201cTakayasu arteritis\u201d and \u201cliver\u201d or \u201chepatitis\u201d or \u201chepatic\u201d. Symptoms and treatment of TA with an accompanying liver injury were reviewed retrospectively. Many factors are presumed to be involved in the mechanism of TA with liver injury, including the immune response, genes, infections, and gut microbiota. There are several lines of evidence indicating that immune dysfunction is the main pathogenic factor that triggers granuloma formation in TA patients. However, the role of genetics and infections has not been fully confirmed. Recently, the gut microbiota has emerged as an essential component in the process. We reviewed in detail the current concepts that support the complex pathogenesis of TA accompanied by liver injury, and we presented recent theories from the literature. Finally, we discussed future research directions of liver injury in TA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520972222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T14:16:12Z","timestamp":1607091372000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pathogenesis of liver injury in Takayasu arteritis: advanced understanding leads to new horizons"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5758-5570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41084"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2017.05.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-020-00948-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.190045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpz103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03009742.2017.1278788"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.181219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2016.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2019.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1316-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101700"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.34.455"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80088-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/s10165-008-0075-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31526-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2014-0123-RA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2011.115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","article-title":"Associations between clinical features and therapy with macrophage subpopulations and T cells in inflammatory lesions in the aorta from patients with Takayasu arteritis","author":"Dos Santos JP","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dos Santos JP, Artigiani Neto R, Mangueira C, et\u00a0al. 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