{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T13:00:17Z","timestamp":1777726817232,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Achondroplasia is a type of disproportionate dwarfism with short limbs and a normal-sized torso. This condition results in a potential spinal abnormality and a difficult airway may increase the anesthetic risk, not only in neuraxial anesthesia, but also in general anesthesia. We report a 25-year-old primigravida with achondroplasia who underwent cesarean section under epidural anesthesia with the assistance of real-time ultrasound guidance. A total dose of 17 mL 2% lidocaine with 7.5 \u03bcg sufentanil was administered via epidural catheter intermittently. The level of anesthesia reached T4. No other anesthetic was administered during the operation and the procedure was uneventful. The mother and her newborn were routinely discharged without any adverse events. During the follow-up at 10 months postoperatively, the patient did not have any discomfort. We suggest that titrated epidural anesthesia at the time of real-time ultrasound-guidance is a safe and effective epidural anesthesia for patients with achondroplasia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605211023701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]],"date-time":"2021-06-18T04:27:35Z","timestamp":1623990455000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Real-time ultrasound-guided epidural anesthesia for cesarean section in a parturient with achondroplasia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Xueqin","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenchao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6556-6628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2014.02.002"},{"key":"bibr2-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-015-0048-2"},{"key":"bibr3-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/cp.2011.e120"},{"key":"bibr4-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12246"},{"key":"bibr5-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14104"},{"key":"bibr6-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0730-0832.36.6.337"},{"key":"bibr7-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0703500521"},{"key":"bibr8-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.198401"},{"key":"bibr9-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/81.4.619"},{"key":"bibr10-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2045894018803873"},{"key":"bibr11-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000450"},{"key":"bibr12-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/82.2.301-a"},{"key":"bibr13-03000605211023701","first-page":"436","volume":"54","author":"Waugaman WR","year":"1986","journal-title":"AANA J"},{"key":"bibr14-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.71030"},{"key":"bibr15-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2004.09.007"},{"key":"bibr16-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157488611795684668"},{"key":"bibr17-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0265021507000981"},{"key":"bibr18-03000605211023701","volume":"2017","author":"Melekoglu R","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"bibr19-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2013.01.007"},{"key":"bibr20-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/om.2011.110067"},{"key":"bibr21-03000605211023701","first-page":"149","volume":"14","author":"Ekwere IT","year":"2010","journal-title":"Afr J Reprod Health"},{"key":"bibr22-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pec.0000236833.62065.85","volume":"22","author":"Daugherty RJ","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"bibr23-03000605211023701","first-page":"536","volume":"55","author":"Shirazi MF","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Med Iran"},{"key":"bibr24-03000605211023701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2003.00074.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of International Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605211023701","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03000605211023701","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605211023701","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:47:53Z","timestamp":1777459673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03000605211023701"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03000605211023701"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03000605211023701","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0605","1473-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0605","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"article-number":"03000605211023701"}}