{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T07:30:34Z","timestamp":1784619034627,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific and Technological Innovation Foundation of Fujian Province","award":["2017Y9091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017Y9091"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Innovation Foundation of Fujian Province","award":["2019Y9107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019Y9107"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Innovation Foundation of Fujian Province","award":["2020J01120422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020J01120422"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify independent risk factors for diabetic neuropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 376 patients with T2DM at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, China between January 2013 and October 2016. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore potential risk factors for progression of DN in patients with T2DM. Effect sizes were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of DN in patients with T2DM was 43.1%. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that retinopathy (OR: 2.755, 95% CI: 1.599\u20134.746); diabetic nephropathy (OR: 2.196, 95% CI: 1.279\u20133.772); longer duration of T2DM (OR: 1.081, 95% CI: 1.045\u20131.120); use of insulin (OR: 1.091, 95% CI: 1.018\u20131.170); longer history of alcohol consumption (OR: 1.034, 95% CI: 1.010\u20131.059); and higher blood urea nitrogen (OR: 1.081, 95% CI: 1.009\u20131.159) were associated with increased risk of DN in patients with T2DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, longer duration of T2DM, use of insulin, longer history of alcohol consumption, and higher blood urea nitrogen were independent risk factors for DN. These findings should be verified in large-scale prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605211044366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T14:16:44Z","timestamp":1632493004000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Identification of independent risk factors for diabetic neuropathy progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Linjing","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Fujian Province Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ximei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Fujian Province Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingning","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Fujian Province Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9931-4605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunjie","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Fujian Province Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7797-4629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peiwen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Fujian Province Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"},{"name":"Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-03000605211044366","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th Edition 2019, http:\/\/www.idf.org\/diabetesatlas (2019, accessed 23 August 2021)."},{"key":"bibr2-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1303"},{"key":"bibr3-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291401"},{"key":"bibr4-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410380607"},{"key":"bibr5-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050924"},{"key":"bibr6-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-014-0528-7"},{"key":"bibr7-03000605211044366","first-page":"Cd007543","volume":"6","author":"Callaghan BC","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr8-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032782"},{"key":"bibr9-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1771"},{"key":"bibr10-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2013.04.003"},{"key":"bibr11-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250100615"},{"key":"bibr12-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010"},{"key":"bibr13-03000605211044366","unstructured":"University of Michigan. How to Use the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, http:\/\/www.med.umich.edu\/mdrtc\/profs\/documents\/svi\/MNSI_howto.pdf (2000, accessed 23 August 2021)."},{"key":"bibr14-03000605211044366","unstructured":"University of Michigan. Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instruments, http:\/\/www.med.umich.edu\/mdrtc\/profs\/documents\/svi\/MNSI_patient.pdf (2000, accessed 23 August 2021)."},{"key":"bibr15-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12101"},{"key":"bibr16-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880110106"},{"key":"bibr17-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.114389"},{"key":"bibr18-03000605211044366","first-page":"86","volume":"7","author":"Bashi SA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosciences (Riyadh"},{"key":"bibr19-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2018.0618"},{"key":"bibr20-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2012.02.001"},{"key":"bibr21-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-5-24"},{"key":"bibr22-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2011.12.004"},{"key":"bibr23-03000605211044366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1176"}],"container-title":["Journal of International Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605211044366","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03000605211044366","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605211044366","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:48:36Z","timestamp":1777459716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03000605211044366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03000605211044366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03000605211044366","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0605","1473-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0605","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"article-number":"03000605211044366"}}