{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T13:08:58Z","timestamp":1777727338059,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>General anaesthesia with a muscle relaxant is usually performed for rigid bronchoscopy (RB), but ventilation is challenging due to large amounts of leakage. Optiflow\u2122 supplies 100% humidified, warmed oxygen at a rate of up to 70\u2009l\/min and this high flow rate may overcome the leakage problem. This case report describes four patients that were scheduled for RB. The lung lesions were all located below the carina, so a bronchial tube was inserted under general anaesthesia. Once a large amount of leakage was confirmed by manual ventilation, Optiflow\u2122 was connected to the bronchial tube (flow rate, 70\u2009l\/min). All of the ports of the bronchoscopy were left open to prevent the risk of outlet obstruction. Oxygenation was well maintained with stable vital signs throughout the procedures, which took up to 34\u2009min without airway intervention. There were no occurrences of cardiac arrhythmia or changes in the electrocardiograms. Respiratory acidosis recovered after emergence, which was confirmed by arterial blood gas analysis in all cases. Apnoeic oxygenation using Optiflow\u2122 was applied successfully during RB. Applying Optiflow\u2122 could make cases of difficult ventilation during RB much easier for the anaesthetist. Larger studies need to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of this technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605211068309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T05:32:10Z","timestamp":1642051930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Apnoeic oxygenation using transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange during rigid bronchoscopy: a report of four cases"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0624-1713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaewoong","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juhui","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7470-0921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Misoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9823-9030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang-Hoon","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201309-302FR"},{"key":"bibr2-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32835bd0aa"},{"key":"bibr3-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000504679"},{"key":"bibr4-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.19174"},{"key":"bibr5-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1395500"},{"key":"bibr6-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12246"},{"key":"bibr7-03000605211068309","first-page":"081","volume":"5","author":"Saracoglu A","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Anesth Anesthesiol"},{"key":"bibr8-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12923"},{"key":"bibr9-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001564"},{"key":"bibr10-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000003810"},{"key":"bibr11-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17085\/apm.20043"},{"key":"bibr12-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4234861"},{"key":"bibr13-03000605211068309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-019-02697-3"}],"container-title":["Journal of International Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605211068309","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03000605211068309","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605211068309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:49:10Z","timestamp":1777459750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03000605211068309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03000605211068309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03000605211068309","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0605","1473-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0605","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"article-number":"03000605211068309"}}