{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T13:13:54Z","timestamp":1777727634510,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the intravenous (i.v.) dose of esmolol needed to attenuate blood loss in patients undergoing posterior lumbar internal fixation (PLIF) surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study randomized patients to either the E5 or E10 group. Patients in the E5 group received a 0.25\u2009mg\/kg i.v. loading dose of esmolol before anaesthesia, followed by an infusion of 5\u2009\u00b5g\/kg\/min throughout the operation. Patients in the E10 group received a 0.5\u2009mg\/kg i.v. loading dose of esmolol before anaesthesia, followed by an infusion of 10\u2009\u00b5g\/kg\/min throughout the operation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study analysed 33 patients: 16 in the E5 group and 17 in the E10 group. The mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD blood loss at the end of surgery was significantly greater in the E5 than E10 group (586.3\u2009\u00b1\u2009160.1 versus 347.7\u2009\u00b1\u2009138.0\u2009ml, respectively). The total amount of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) used was significantly higher in the E5 than E10 group at 8 (26.1\u2009\u00b1\u200912.0 versus 17.5\u2009\u00b1\u20098.3\u2009ml, respectively), 24 (58.4\u2009\u00b1\u200921.3 versus 44.1\u2009\u00b1\u200916.2\u2009ml, respectively) and 48\u2009h after surgery (90.0\u2009\u00b1\u200922.5 versus 69.3\u2009\u00b1\u200922.1\u2009ml, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A continuous infusion of 10\u2009\u00b5g\/kg\/min of esmolol can safely reduce blood loss during PLIF surgery. It was also shown to reduce postoperative PCA consumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221078705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T01:58:51Z","timestamp":1647050331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of esmolol continuous infusion on blood loss in patients undergoing posterior lumbar internal fixation surgery: A prospective randomized study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Young Eun","family":"Moon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min A","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain 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