{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T07:39:03Z","timestamp":1786865943431,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effect of zinc supplementation on immunotoxicity induced by subchronic oral exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty adult male Wistar rats randomly divided equally into six groups were exposed to GBH by gavage daily for 16 weeks with or without zinc pretreatment. Group DW rats received distilled water (2\u2009mL\/kg), group Z rats received zinc (50\u2009mg\/kg), and group G1 and G2 rats received 187.5 and 375\u2009mg\/kg GBH, respectively. Group ZG1 and ZG2 rats were pretreated with 50\u2009mg\/kg zinc before exposure to 187.5 and 375\u2009mg\/kg GBH, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgE) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Spleen, submandibular lymph node, and thymus samples were processed for histopathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exposure to GBH (G1 and G2) significantly increased serum TNF-\u03b1 concentrations and significantly decreased serum IgG and IgM concentrations compared with the control levels. Moderate-to-severe lymphocyte depletion occurred in the spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus in the GBH-exposed groups. Zinc supplementation mitigated the immunotoxic effects of GBH exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GBH exposure increased pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, decreased immunoglobulin production, and depleted lymphocytes in lymphoid organs in rats, but zinc supplementation mitigated this immunotoxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221147188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T02:21:32Z","timestamp":1673576492000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of zinc supplementation on immunotoxicity induced by subchronic oral exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide (GOBARA\u00ae) in Wistar rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0361-1902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel V","family":"Tizhe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikechukwu O","family":"Igbokwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celestine O","family":"Njoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed 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