{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T16:27:06Z","timestamp":1788971226726,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current study explores the level of perceived social stigma and associated psychological challenges among healthcare workers during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a cross-sectional study of 150 healthcare workers at Cairo University hospitals that were confirmed positive for COVID-19 infection. Participants were interviewed for assessment of perceived COVID-19-related stigma and associated psychological symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment for anxiety, and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for post-traumatic stress symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two-thirds of participants perceived moderate-to-severe COVID-19-related stigma. Depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms were observed at varying levels in 58.0%, 38.0%, and 11.3% of participants, respectively. Female sex and occupation as a nurse were significantly associated with the total perceived COVID-19-related stigma score. COVID-19-related stigma perception significantly correlated with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perceived social stigma prevails among healthcare workers and is associated with numerous psychological disturbances.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221148833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T02:00:43Z","timestamp":1674007243000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Perception of COVID-19-related stigma and associated psychological challenges among healthcare workers at Cairo University hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7847-8886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalia Mohamed","family":"Gaber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Lecturer of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa Mostafa","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal Mohamed","family":"Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmine Samy","family":"Elkholy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai Diaa","family":"Sarhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lecturer of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.03.024"},{"key":"bibr2-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30203-0"},{"key":"bibr3-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.565098"},{"key":"bibr4-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.03.031"},{"key":"bibr5-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.08.001"},{"key":"bibr6-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00429"},{"key":"bibr7-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244172"},{"key":"bibr8-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30498-9"},{"key":"bibr9-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su12093834"},{"key":"bibr10-03000605221148833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2017.09.006"},{"key":"bibr11-03000605221148833","unstructured":"Stigma spreads alongside COVID-19 in Egypt \u2013 Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East [Internet]. 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