{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T13:01:10Z","timestamp":1777726870263,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the relationship between benign gynaecological disorders and ovarian cancer (OC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective observational study enrolled female patients with histologically-confirmed primary OC. Clinical and demographic data were collected using a questionnaire. Blood samples were analysed for tumour biomarker levels including cancer antigen (CA)-125, CA19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen, \u03b2 human chorionic gonadotropin (\u03b2-hCG) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 100 female patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 44 patients had simple ovarian cysts (44%), 22 had uterine fibroids (22%), 15 had adenomyosis (15%), 13 had pelvic inflammatory disease (13%) and six had endometriosis (6%). There was a significant association between high grade serous OC histology with both benign ovarian and uterine diseases. There was a significant association between both adenomyosis and uterine fibroids and high grade OC. There was also a significant association between endometriosis and stages III\/IV OC. With regard to tumour biomarkers, there was a significant association between \u03b2-hCG and LDH biomarkers and benign uterine tumours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Benign gynaecological diseases are accompanied by the high risk of the development of OC. Common benign gynaecological diseases associated with OC were uterine fibroids and adenomyosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605231158949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T02:01:45Z","timestamp":1680573705000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The correlation between women\u2019s various gynaecological diseases to ovarian cancer in Sulaimaniyah City, Iraq"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Soz Mustafa Hagi","family":"Karim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternity Teaching Hospital, Directorate of Sulaimaniyah Health, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chro Najmadin","family":"Fattah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of 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