{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:58:05Z","timestamp":1777726685172,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Continuous epidural anesthesia is a classic anesthesia method that is widely used in abdominal surgery, labor analgesia, and postoperative analgesia. A long-term analgesic effect is achieved by continuously injecting local anesthetics into the epidural space through an epidural catheter. However, the insertion of epidural catheters is associated with various complications, such as total spinal anesthesia, nerve damage, bleeding, infection, and catheter distortion with difficult catheter removal. We present the case of a parturient woman who underwent vaginal delivery under epidural analgesia. However, after delivery, the epidural catheter could not be pulled out. Spinal computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction revealed that the catheter was coiled but not knotted in the spinal facet joints. Using optimal position simulation, we successfully pulled out the epidural catheter. This case demonstrates that spinal computed tomography reconstruction with optimal position simulation may be the most effective noninvasive method for successfully removing a trapped epidural catheter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605251340316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T07:17:41Z","timestamp":1747120661000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Removal of a trapped epidural catheter via spinal computed tomography reconstruction and optimal position simulation of the spinal model: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6741-161X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ai","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","first-page":"1113","article-title":"A case of difficulty in pulling out epidural catheter","volume":"28","author":"LiuRS RH.","year":"2006","unstructured":"LiuRS RH. 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Rev Bras Anestesiol 2008; 58: 643\u2013650.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Anestesiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31817e038b"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_2","first-page":"ESEE","article-title":"Knot on the epidural catheter, a rare complication: a case report","volume":"114","author":"Baer Eriksson L","year":"2017","unstructured":"Baer Eriksson L, Borglund-Hemph A, Jakobsson J. Knot on the epidural catheter, a rare complication: a case report. Lakartidningen 2017; 114: ESEE.","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2006.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_10_2","first-page":"640","article-title":"[Trapped epidural catheter: reconstruction of computed tomography images]","volume":"55","author":"Rom\u00e1n JA","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rom\u00e1n JA, Reina MA, L\u00f3pez A, et\u00a0al. [Trapped epidural catheter: reconstruction of computed tomography images]. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2008; 55: 640\u2013643.","journal-title":"Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_11_2","first-page":"1088","article-title":"Experience in clinical treatment of difficulties in catheter removal under epidural anesthesia","volume":"25","author":"Li J.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li J. Experience in clinical treatment of difficulties in catheter removal under epidural anesthesia. Chinese Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology 2009; 25: 1088.","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anr3.12128"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI_745_2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1658-354X.203029"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_15_2","first-page":"913","article-title":"Surgical removal of a looped and knotted epidural catheter in a postpartum patient\u2013a case report","volume":"19","author":"Al-Kayed O","year":"2008","unstructured":"Al-Kayed O, Al-Bouti F, Ababneh MO. Surgical removal of a looped and knotted epidural catheter in a postpartum patient\u2013a case report. 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