{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:00:36Z","timestamp":1792699236781,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      in women with cervical human papillomavirus infection. Specifically, it aimed to assess the impact of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      therapy on human papillomavirus clearance and cervical lesion resolution in clinical settings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A literature search was conducted in October 2024 using PubMed, EBSCO, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized controlled trials investigating\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      therapy for human papillomavirus infection. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the risk of bias 2.0 and ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies \u2013 of Interventions) tools. Data were analyzed using a random-effects model with 95% confidence intervals, and heterogeneity was evaluated using the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      statistic. A subgroup analysis was performed based on the method of administration (oral vs. vaginal).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Five studies were included in the meta-analysis. Among 326 participants assessed for lesion resolution,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      therapy showed a statistically significant improvement (relative risk\u2009=\u20091.93, 95% confidence interval: 1.47\u20132.53, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090%). Similarly, among the 262 participants assessed for viral clearance, the treatment showed a statistically significant effect (relative risk\u2009=\u20091.39, 95% confidence interval: 1.00\u20131.94, p\u2009=\u20090.05;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200933%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions\/atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance cervical lesions,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      therapy administered over a minimum duration of 6 months may serve as an adjuvant treatment for human papillomavirus infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605251363006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T11:01:22Z","timestamp":1754391682000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effectiveness of\n                    <i>Lactobacillus<\/i>\n                    therapy in women with cervical human papillomavirus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4060-8761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devi Artami","family":"Susetiati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satiti Retno","family":"Pudjiati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohanes Widodo","family":"Wirohadidjojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukman Ade","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.552028"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biological agents","volume":"100","author":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","year":"2012","unstructured":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. 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