{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:01:06Z","timestamp":1792594866347,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 50 patients with acute mixed-type lower extremity deep vein thrombosis treated at the Affiliated People\u2019s Hospital of Ningbo University. All patients underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis via small saphenous vein access. The thrombolytic catheter was inserted into the deep venous thrombus through either infrapopliteal deep veins or the popliteal vein. Continuous infusion of urokinase via a microinfusion pump was administered at a dose of (178.32\u2009\u00b1\u200979.45)\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    U for direct clot dissolution. The efficacy was evaluated by comparing the pre-operative and post-operative circumferences of the upper and lower knees, venous patency scores, and thrombolysis rates. Post-operatively, all patients in the group showed significant improvement in symptoms after thrombolysis. Among the 50 patients who were treated, the pre-operative versus post-operative reduction in suprapatellar circumference difference was 74%\u2009\u00b1\u20096% and the pre-operative versus post-operative reduction in infrapatellar circumference difference was 78%\u2009\u00b1\u20096%. The venous patency score significantly improved (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), with a thrombolysis rate of 78%\u2009\u00b1\u20096%. No serious complications occurred during the treatment process. This study shows that direct thrombolysis through the saphenous vein catheter for acute mixed-type lower limb deep vein thrombosis is a safe, effective, and feasible treatment method.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605251379528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T01:17:58Z","timestamp":1758763078000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Stepwise cannulation of the small saphenous vein for thrombolysis: A technique to optimize clot removal and reduce the severity of post-thrombotic syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Haoxiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery, the Affiliated People\u2019s Hospital of Ningbo University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9793-7314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huipeng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery, the Affiliated People\u2019s Hospital of Ningbo University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_9_2_2","first-page":"3721","article-title":"Research progress on anticoagulant therapy for deep vein thrombosis in different parts of the lower extremity [J\/OL]","volume":"28","author":"Ma JT","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma JT, Huang J, Zhang Y, et\u00a0al. Research progress on anticoagulant therapy for deep vein thrombosis in different parts of the lower extremity [J\/OL]. Chinese General Practice Journal 2025; 28: 3721\u20133728.","journal-title":"Chinese General Practice Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_3_2","first-page":"901","article-title":"Risk factors analysis and development of a predictive model for severe post-thrombotic syndrome after catheter-directed thrombolysis in patients with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis [J\/OL]","volume":"2024","author":"Wu X","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu X, Yang T, Tian Y. Risk factors analysis and development of a predictive model for severe post-thrombotic syndrome after catheter-directed thrombolysis in patients with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis [J\/OL]. Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 2024; 2024: 901\u2013906.","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_4_2","first-page":"179","article-title":"Endovascular intervention techniques for the treatment advancements in lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT)","volume":"22","author":"Zhang L","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang L, Yang Z, Sun Z, et\u00a0al. Endovascular intervention techniques for the treatment advancements in lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Chinese Medical Innovations 2025; 22: 179\u2013183.","journal-title":"Chinese Medical Innovations"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_5_2","first-page":"1337","article-title":"Postoperative lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) formation and treatment advancements","volume":"10","author":"Yang P","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang P, Jia L, Mou X, et\u00a0al. Postoperative lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) formation and treatment advancements. Chinese Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 2024; 10: 1337\u20131342.","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1154875"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2021.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_8_2","first-page":"561","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of catheter-directed thrombolysis in the popliteal vein for treating heart failure patients with concurrent lower extremity deep vein thrombosis","volume":"27","author":"Zhao L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao L, Bai YP. Clinical efficacy of catheter-directed thrombolysis in the popliteal vein for treating heart failure patients with concurrent lower extremity deep vein thrombosis. Thrombosis and Hemostasis 2021; 27: 561\u2013563.","journal-title":"Thrombosis and Hemostasis"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2025.102167"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_10_2","first-page":"152660282412844","article-title":"A review of the effectiveness and safety of catheter-directed thrombolysis for venous thromboembolism","author":"Xiang S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiang S, Wang X. A review of the effectiveness and safety of catheter-directed thrombolysis for venous thromboembolism. J Endovasc Ther 2024; 15266028241284470.","journal-title":"J Endovasc Ther"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_11_2","first-page":"676","article-title":"Retrograde recanalization of lower extremity femoral vein thrombosis via great saphenous vein-popliteal vein communicating branch pathway combined with catheter-wire rendezvous technique: a case report","volume":"41","author":"Shan HF","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shan HF, Zhou M. Retrograde recanalization of lower extremity femoral vein thrombosis via great saphenous vein-popliteal vein communicating branch pathway combined with catheter-wire rendezvous technique: a case report. Journal of Capital Medical University 2020; 41: 676\u2013679.","journal-title":"Journal of Capital Medical University"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-921952"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.897016"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_14_2","first-page":"644","article-title":"Comparative analysis of two thrombus removal modalities combined with catheter-directed thrombolysis in endovascular treatment of acute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with high thrombus burden","volume":"43","author":"Zhou D","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou D, He YP, Xi Y, et\u00a0al. Comparative analysis of two thrombus removal modalities combined with catheter-directed thrombolysis in endovascular treatment of acute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with high thrombus burden. Journal of Hubei University of Medicine 2024; 43: 644\u2013649.","journal-title":"Journal of Hubei University of Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_15_2","first-page":"558","article-title":"Anatomical variation of the right small saphenous vein injection route: A case report","volume":"33","author":"Lu SD","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lu SD, Feng XY, Shu SY, et\u00a0al. Anatomical variation of the right small saphenous vein injection route: A case report. Journal of Regional Anatomy and Surgical Techniques 2024; 33: 558\u2013559.","journal-title":"Journal of Regional Anatomy and Surgical Techniques"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_16_2","unstructured":"Zhu J. Clinical value of fibrinogen D-dimer and C-reactive protein detection at thrombus sites in the treatment of DVT patients. Doctoral dissertation. Zunyi Medical University China 2022."}],"container-title":["Journal of International Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605251379528","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03000605251379528","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605251379528","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:48:11Z","timestamp":1777459691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03000605251379528"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03000605251379528"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03000605251379528","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0605","1473-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0605","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"article-number":"03000605251379528"}}