{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:54:11Z","timestamp":1777726451988,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The inferior vena cava, the principal retroperitoneal venous trunk, carries deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities, pelvis, and abdominal viscera to the right atrium. Complex inferior vena cava malformations can radiologically mimic pulmonary space-occupying lesions, substantially complicating clinical diagnosis and therapeutic planning. We present the case of a patient in whom contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography incidentally revealed a right-sided intrathoracic mass, initially suspected to be a primary or metastatic pulmonary malignancy. Subsequent dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography demonstrated heterogeneous, avid enhancement during the venous phase, raising the possibility of a vascular anomaly. Dedicated magnetic resonance imaging ultimately delineated the mass as a congenital inferior vena cava malformation. This case underscores that intricate inferior vena cava anomalies may masquerade as intrapulmonary masses; misguided surgical intervention could precipitate severe hemorrhagic or thromboembolic sequelae. Multimodality imaging\u2014integrating high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging\u2014is therefore indispensable for accurate differential diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605251391919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T01:27:04Z","timestamp":1762910824000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Complex inferior vena cava malformation initially manifesting as a pulmonary space-occupying lesion: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Shuang","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maosen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongjie","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5960-6398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.24287"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168661"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2022.05.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A7343"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12246"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-021-01066-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.23209"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-022-05570-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2133"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2019.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22772"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_14_2","first-page":"559","article-title":"Expert Committee on Vena Cava Obstruction, Society of Chinese Medical Doctor Association Endovasology Committee. Expert consensus on the definition of \u201cmembranous obstruction\u201d and \u201csegmental obstruction\u201d of the inferior vena cava and hepatic vein in Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"25","year":"2016","unstructured":"Expert Committee on Vena Cava Obstruction, Society of Chinese Medical Doctor Association Endovasology Committee. Expert consensus on the definition of \u201cmembranous obstruction\u201d and \u201csegmental obstruction\u201d of the inferior vena cava and hepatic vein in Budd-Chiari syndrome. 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