{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:55:16Z","timestamp":1777726516069,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012173","name":"China-Japan Friendship Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025-NHLHCRF-PY-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-NHLHCRF-PY-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012173","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relationship between periodontal disease and adipokines has been extensively investigated. Using a Mendelian randomization approach, this study aimed to determine whether circulating leptin and resistin levels are causally implicated in the etiology of periodontal disease and whether the genetic risk of periodontal disease influences circulating adipokine levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We obtained genetic data regarding circulating leptin and resistin and periodontal disease from comprehensive genome-wide association study meta-analyses. We selected single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with periodontal disease and adipokine levels at a stringent genome-wide significance threshold (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20095\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) as instrumental variables. Linkage disequilibrium clumping was applied, and F-statistics were calculated for all single nucleotide polymorphisms included in the Mendelian randomization study. Data analyses were performed using the inverse variance\u2013weighted (IVW) method implemented in R software.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The genetic risk of periodontal disease showed a positive effect on circulating resistin levels (IVW: odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.061, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20091.013\u20131.111,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013). However, no evidence supported a causal influence of circulating leptin or resistin levels on the risk of periodontal disease (IVW: leptin, odds ratio\u2009=\u20090.989, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20090.869\u20131.124,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.861; resistin, odds ratio\u2009=\u20090.947, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20090.854\u20131.051,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.304). Furthermore, the genetic risk of periodontal disease showed no causal association with circulating leptin levels (IVW: odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.021, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20090.993\u20131.050,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.141).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that periodontal disease may exert a causal effect on circulating resistin levels. In contrast, circulating leptin and resistin levels do not appear to causally influence the risk of periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605251404206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:27:23Z","timestamp":1766449643000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic links between periodontal disease and circulating leptin and resistin: A Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Yanan","family":"Jing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China-Japan Friendship Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3679-5733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junfei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China-Japan Friendship Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12630"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0026"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","first-page":"267","article-title":"Evaluation of adipokine levels in obese women with periodontitis: a cohort study","volume":"34","author":"Alkan B","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alkan B, Guzeldemir-Akcakanat E. Evaluation of adipokine levels in obese women with periodontitis: a cohort study. 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