{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T16:59:59Z","timestamp":1785085199348,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stereotactic frame-based brain biopsy is a minimally invasive neurosurgical technique. Dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, is known to decrease heart rate, blood pressure, and stress response. Remifentanil is a short-acting opioid receptor agonist. This study compared dexmedetomidine and remifentanil with respect to sedation quality, hemodynamic alterations, analgesia, and recovery profiles during stereotactic brain biopsy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 140 American Society of Anesthesiology class II patients (72 males, 68 females) were enrolled in a single-blind controlled trial. Patients were randomly divided into the remifentanil group and the dexmedetomidine group. Intraoperative monitoring included blood pressure, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and the Ramsay sedation scale. The visual analog scale score and the total morphine consumption were measured in the postanesthesia care unit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ramsay sedation scale scores were significantly higher in the remifentanil group (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in the dexmedetomidine group (p\u2009=\u20090.012, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, and p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively). Visual analog scale scores and total morphine consumption were significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The remifentanil group achieved a deeper level of sedation. The dexmedetomidine group had higher mean hemodynamic parameters. The visual analog scale scores and the dose of consumed morphine in the postanesthesia care unit were lower in the dexmedetomidine group.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Clinical trial registration code:<\/jats:bold>\n                      IRCT20210415050983N2\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605251407890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T08:18:34Z","timestamp":1784881114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dexmedetomidine versus remifentanil in sedation, analgesia, and vital signs in stereotactic brain biopsy: A randomized, single-blind, active-controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2856-3975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faranak","family":"Behnaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3874-1050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parisa","family":"Sezari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4799-7229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Mirahmadi Eraghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran"},{"name":"Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran"},{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm International Branch, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6443-9448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narges","family":"Bazgir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7837-8888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sogol","family":"Asgari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198908000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2013.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-9183-5_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.9.JNS14107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2019.105544"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"300","article-title":"Frameless stereotaxy of the brain","volume":"67","author":"McInerney J","year":"2000","unstructured":"McInerney J, Roberts DW. Frameless stereotaxy of the brain. Mt Sinai J Med 2000; 67: 300\u2013310.","journal-title":"Mt Sinai J Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-019-01234-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-8180(92)90035-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.2_Pt_1.435"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tacc.2023.101293"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200411000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0265021508004699"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2009.09.107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199652030-00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.72352"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5920.656"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-8180(94)00001-K"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000064587"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Stereotaxic apparatus for operations on the human brain","volume":"5","author":"Voris HC","year":"1965","unstructured":"Voris HC, Baldwin B. Stereotaxic apparatus for operations on the human brain. Int J Neurol 1965; 5: 109\u2013113.","journal-title":"Int J Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","first-page":"426","article-title":"Stereotactic biopsy of brain lesions visualized with computed tomography","volume":"45","author":"Lobato RD","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lobato RD, Rivas JJ, Cabello A, et al. Stereotactic biopsy of brain lesions visualized with computed tomography. Appl Neurophysiol 1982; 45: 426\u2013430.","journal-title":"Appl Neurophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198706000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198303000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(84)90003-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-8813-2_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200007000-00030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AIA.0000000000000044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8537(01)00006-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-017-0507-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","first-page":"1125","article-title":"Effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine in humans","volume":"77","author":"Belleville JP","year":"1992","unstructured":"Belleville JP, Ward DS, Bloor BC, et al. Effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine in humans. I. Sedation, ventilation, and metabolic rate. Anesthesiology 1992; 77: 1125\u20131133.","journal-title":"I. Sedation, ventilation, and metabolic rate. Anesthesiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000554"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200302000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3957"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2020.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14657"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-70942003000400001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.9.1485"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-015-0004-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-016-4220-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.895209"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000221"}],"container-title":["Journal of International Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605251407890","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03000605251407890","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03000605251407890","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T16:20:46Z","timestamp":1785082846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03000605251407890"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03000605251407890"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03000605251407890","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0605","1473-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0605","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"article-number":"03000605251407890"}}