{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T13:06:48Z","timestamp":1777727208512,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and safety of combined duloxetine and tolterodine therapy in patients with mixed urinary incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with mixed urinary incontinence treated between January 2021 and December 2023. Patients received tolterodine (4\u2009mg\/day) and duloxetine (40\u2009mg twice daily). Clinical outcomes were assessed at weeks 4 and 12 using the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire\u2013Short Form, pad tests, and bladder diaries. Patient satisfaction was evaluated using the Clinical Global Impression scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 115 patients (mean age: 46.6\u2009\u00b1\u200913.4 years). Significant improvements were observed in Overactive Bladder Symptom Score, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire\u2013Short Form scores, and pad weights at weeks 4 and 12 compared to baseline (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Daily micturition, nocturia, urgency, and incontinence episodes significantly decreased, whereas mean voided volume increased. According to Clinical Global Impression scores, 73.9% of patients reported partial or complete improvement. Treatment-related adverse events were observed in 12.1% of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combination therapy of duloxetine and tolterodine appears to be safe and potentially beneficial, reducing symptom scores and incontinence episodes. However, these findings need to be supported by controlled studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605261430142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T08:03:23Z","timestamp":1773907403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical outcomes and safety of duloxetine and tolterodine combination in the treatment of mixed-type urinary incontinence: A single-arm retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1525-1243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hakan","family":"Polat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mithat","family":"Ek\u015fi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alican","family":"\u00c7at\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azad","family":"Akda\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meng\u00fccek Gazi Education and Research Hospital, Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m University, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuf","family":"Ar\u0131kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, \u0130zmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ubeyd","family":"Sungur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taner","family":"Karg\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serdar","family":"Karada\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alper","family":"Bitkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-018-3603-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.20210259"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.11652.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-021-05025-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20870"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31828ca761"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11884-012-0161-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.12659"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.12467"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)60224-8","article-title":"Treatment of urge-predominant mixed urinary incontinence with tolterodine extended release: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"173","author":"Wein AJ.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wein AJ. 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