{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:50:25Z","timestamp":1777945825066,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. This study examined the associations of body mass index and the appendicular lean mass-to-body weight ratio with metabolic syndrome in Taiwanese older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study of 3739 participants from community surveys (2017\u20132019) was conducted. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, handgrip strength, and biochemical markers were assessed. Appendicular lean mass-to-body weight ratio was calculated using a validated equation. Lifestyle factors and comorbidities were evaluated using questionnaires.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 47.1% in males and 50.0% in females. Participants with metabolic syndrome had higher body mass index and waist circumference but lower appendicular lean mass-to-body weight ratio. Higher appendicular lean mass-to-body weight ratio was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome (odds ratio\u2009=\u20090.877 in males; odds ratio\u2009=\u20090.885 in females).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher body mass index was positively associated with metabolic syndrome, whereas higher appendicular lean mass-to-body weight ratio was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome. Maintaining greater muscle mass relative to body weight may help reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605261443913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T01:32:50Z","timestamp":1777512770000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between appendicular lean mass-to-body weight ratio and metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4416-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Yung","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine, Pingtung Branch, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical University, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nain-Feng","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Public Health, National Defense Medical University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Der-Min","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, National Defense Medical University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Chen","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Healthcare Management, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6142-6011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu-Chuan","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Healthcare Management, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9097-1377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng-Hsin","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2023.102344"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2017.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020786"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.5.990S"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-123-9-199511010-00014"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2016.193"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2012.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103519"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0107"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2017.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-015-0559-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14277"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181b296a5"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2025.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/14.2.116"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_21_2","first-page":"857","article-title":"A new colorimetric procedure for the determination of serum triglyceride","volume":"20","author":"Stavropoulos W","year":"1974","unstructured":"Stavropoulos W, Crouch R. 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