{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T08:44:03Z","timestamp":1782981843118,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017961","name":"Health Commission of Heilongjiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20240909010146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20240909010146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017961","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of intraperitoneal injection as an alternative to the technically challenging intravenous route for contrast agent administration in murine brain magnetic resonance imaging by comparing their enhancement effects. Specifically, it sought to determine the optimal injection dose and imaging time window for administration of gadobutrol, a macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent, in orthotopic glioblastoma models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study used an orthotopic glioblastoma model established in BALB\/c nude mice (n\u2009=\u200924) by intracranial implantation of LN229 cells. Mice were randomized to receive gadobutrol at doses of 1 or 2\u2005mmol\/kg via both intravenous and intraperitoneal routes on separate days. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was performed at multiple post-injection time points. The resulting images were evaluated qualitatively by blinded neuroradiologists and quantitatively by measuring signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio, with statistical comparisons made between injection methods and dosage groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Image quality assessments revealed no significant differences in signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, or enhancement metrics between the intravenous and intraperitoneal routes. Peak enhancement occurred at 7\u2005min following intravenous injection and 30\u2005min following intraperitoneal injection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intraperitoneal injection is a viable alternative, with scanning at 30\u2005min recommended for optimal contrast enhancement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605261461956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T18:54:20Z","timestamp":1782759260000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Feasibility and optimal imaging time window for intraperitoneal versus intravenous injection of a macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent in mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Mingyuan","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huini","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianxiu","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Philips Healthcare"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6534-2991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25625"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc-2017-0215"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2016.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/laban0108-26"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24180"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"600","article-title":"Administration of substances to laboratory animals: routes of administration and factors to consider","volume":"50","author":"Turner PV","year":"2011","unstructured":"Turner PV, Brabb T, Pekow C, et al. 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Overexpression of miR-124 enhances the therapeutic benefit of TMZ treatment in the orthotopic GBM mice model by inhibition of DNA damage repair. Cell Death Dis 2025; 16: 47.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tessier A Ruze A Varlet I et al. Quantitative MRI of Gd-DOTA accumulation in the mouse brain after intraperitoneal administration: validation by mass spectrometry. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 60: 316\u2013324.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-813625"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","article-title":"Diagnostic efficacy and safety of gadoteridol compared to gadobutrol and gadoteric acid in a large sample of CNS MRI studies at 1.5\u2005T","author":"Del Poggio A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Del Poggio A, Anello G, Calloni SF, et al. Diagnostic efficacy and safety of gadoteridol compared to gadobutrol and gadoteric acid in a large sample of CNS MRI studies at 1.5\u2005T. J Neuroradiol 2020; 49: 73\u201379.","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2011.10.032","article-title":"In an animal model nephrogenic systemic fibrosis cannot be induced by intraperitoneal injection of high-dose gadolinium based contrast agents","volume":"81","author":"Langer RD","year":"2012","unstructured":"Langer RD, Lorke DE, Gorkom K, et al. In an animal model nephrogenic systemic fibrosis cannot be induced by intraperitoneal injection of high-dose gadolinium based contrast agents. 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