{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T17:16:08Z","timestamp":1788369368248,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Jiangsu University Clinical Medical Science and Technology Development Foundation of China","award":["JLY2021172"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JLY2021172"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although ample evidence exists on the association between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, only a few studies have distinguished between painful and painless forms. This study compared serum vitamin D levels in type 2 diabetes patients with and without painful neuropathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We enrolled 46 patients with diabetes (painless diabetic peripheral neuropathy, n\u2009=\u200915; painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy, n\u2009=\u200916; non-neuropathy, n\u2009=\u200915) and 15 healthy controls. Assessments included neurologic exams, Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, electrophysiology, skin biopsy, and serum 25(OH)D measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The level of 25(OH)D was significantly lower in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (23.00\u2009\u00b1\u20097.97) patients versus controls (44.48\u2009\u00b1\u20096.77), non- diabetic peripheral neuropathy (31.22\u2009\u00b1\u20096.14) patients, and painless diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients (36.91\u2009\u00b1\u20096.22; P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Multivariate analysis identified vitamin D as an independent factor for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (P\u2009=\u20090.007). The 25(OH)D level was significantly correlated with sural amplitude (r\u2009=\u20090.377), peroneal amplitude (r\u2009=\u20090.434), vibration threshold (r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.393), and Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument score (r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.456).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy, suggesting the potential role of vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605261463663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T10:38:25Z","timestamp":1782556705000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Correlation of vitamin D and diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2957-9545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caixia","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Gaochun People's Hospital, Gaochun Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6151-0706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0546-7327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongman","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huai\u2019an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical 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