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Although bromodomain and extraterminal protein inhibitors exert multiple cardiovascular effects, they cannot fully explain clinical heterogeneity in outcomes and responses, highlighting the need to clarify the context- and disease-specific roles of individual bromodomain and extraterminal protein family members. This narrative review delineates the distinct molecular roles of bromodomain-containing protein 2, bromodomain-containing protein 3, bromodomain-containing protein 4, and bromodomain testis, summarizing their domain architecture and epigenetic regulatory functions. We then synthesize current evidence linking bromodomain and extraterminal protein activity to cardiovascular disease pathogenesis, emphasizing their contributions to major pathological processes, including inflammatory amplification, fibrotic remodeling, dysregulated energy metabolism, aberrant cell proliferation, endothelial\u2013mesenchymal transition, and ferroptotic cell death. 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