{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T10:01:09Z","timestamp":1790848869510,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare clinical characteristics, etiology, imaging findings, treatment, and in-hospital outcomes between patients with pyogenic liver abscess with and without diabetes to support individualized clinical management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 63 patients diagnosed with pyogenic liver abscess between February 2023 and December 2025 at a tertiary hospital in Xi\u2019an, China. The patients were divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Clinical data, laboratory findings, imaging features, pathogen distribution, treatment, and in-hospital outcomes were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine risk factors for percutaneous drainage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 63 patients were enrolled; there were no significant differences in sex, age, and inflammatory indicators between the two groups. Alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels were significantly higher in the non-diabetic group, whereas albumin levels were significantly lower in the diabetic group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04). The detection rate of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      was significantly higher in the diabetic group (52.2% vs. 15.0%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). The proportion of patients undergoing puncture and drainage was significantly higher (47.8% vs. 22.5%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04) and the length of hospital stay was significantly longer (14.0 (9.0, 17) vs. 10 (9.0, 12.75) days,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01) in the diabetic group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of sepsis between the two groups. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection was an independent risk factor for the need for percutaneous drainage (odds ratio\u2009=\u20098.73, 95% confidence interval: 2.36\u201332.34,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Diabetic patients with pyogenic liver abscess characteristically exhibit a predominance of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and a longer hospital stay. Non-diabetic patients present prominent transaminitis and higher\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection rates.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, rather than diabetes itself, is an independent factor associated with drainage requirement in this cohort. Tailored therapeutic strategies are recommended for this patient population based on diabetes status.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605261484838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:55:17Z","timestamp":1790646917000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and in-hospital outcomes in patients with pyogenic liver abscess: A comparative analysis of diabetic versus non-diabetic patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6017-7324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaya","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06649-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/grp\/3915024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-34889-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S492544"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38587"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70205-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4240\/wjgs.v17.i10.110836"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-4855-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-019-05851-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.586"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31816a0a06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/513201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-018-0875-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Todd K Gunter K Bowen JM et al. 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