{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:15:34Z","timestamp":1791314134423,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1986,3,1]],"date-time":"1986-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":510019200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have become the principal mode of therapy for rheumatic diseases and their use has continued to increase despite concern expressed recently regarding potential hazards (Figure 1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Prior to 1969, a limited number of NSAID drugs were available. Aspirin and indomethacin became the mainstay of treatment but tolerability, particularly gastric irritation, at doses necessary to control rheumatic symptoms limited the usefulness of these valuable agents. The pyrazolone, phenylbutazone, showed slightly better gastro-intestinal (GIT) tolerability but has since been associated with an increased risk of blood dyscrasiae and is now only available for restricted use in most countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Ibuprofen was the first of a new breed of NSAIDs originally introduced into the United Kingdom in 1969. Chemically quite distinct from its forerunners it was the first of the propionic acid derivatives to be used in rheumatic practice. The propionics have since become the largest, single and most important group of NSAIDs accounting for 50% of NSAID prescriptions in the United Kingdom. It is estimated that over 100 million patients worldwide have received ibuprofen which is now available in over 100 countries throughout the world including all the major markets.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Ibuprofen was developed directly as a result of the problems associated with the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and also because of the gastro-intestinal irritation and general intolerability of the established NSAIDs, at that time. Ibuprofen was readily accepted because, unlike the previous drugs, its therapeutic efficacy was easily seen to outweigh the severity of its side-effects. Ibuprofen was the first new drug with the potency of aspirin but without its major disadvantages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/030006058601400201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]],"date-time":"2017-01-12T10:09:46Z","timestamp":1484215786000},"page":"53-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Update on Ibuprofen: Review Article"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mervyn","family":"Busson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Head of Medical Support Services, The Boots Company, PLC, Nottingham, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1986,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-030006058601400201","first-page":"115","volume":"178","author":"Adams S S","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch. Int. 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IXth European Congress of Rheumatology, Wiesbaden."},{"key":"bibr4-030006058601400201","first-page":"659","volume":"211","author":"Ansell B M","year":"1973","journal-title":"Practitioner"},{"key":"bibr5-030006058601400201","first-page":"777","volume":"29","author":"Bertelli A","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arzneimittel-Forschung"},{"key":"bibr6-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1974156565"},{"key":"bibr7-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030006057400200405"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr8-030006058601400201","volume":"20","author":"Brewer E J","year":"1977","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on the Rheumatic Diseases of Childhood"},{"key":"bibr9-030006058601400201","unstructured":"Busson M (1982)\n                      Boots Research Report, M80087\n                      ."},{"key":"bibr10-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007997509110586"},{"key":"bibr11-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.28.5.513"},{"key":"bibr12-030006058601400201","first-page":"246","volume":"20","author":"Corson S L","year":"1978","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive Medicine"},{"key":"bibr13-030006058601400201","unstructured":"Cosh J A, Ring F J (1973) Thermographic evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of ibuprofen in rheumatoid arthritis.\n                      XIIIth International Congress of Rheumatology, Kyoto, Japan\n                      ."},{"key":"bibr14-030006058601400201","unstructured":"Crampton E L, Glass R C, Hind I D, Rees J A (1984) The pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen in elderly and young subjects.\n                      Boots Research Report DT84081\n                      ."},{"key":"bibr15-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1983.hed2305206.x"},{"key":"bibr16-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-4220(78)80004-8"},{"key":"bibr17-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3109\/00016347909157788","volume":"58","author":"Fuchs F","year":"1979","journal-title":"Acta Obsletricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"bibr18-030006058601400201","first-page":"579","volume":"21","author":"Gaitonde B B","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of the Association of Physicians of India"},{"key":"bibr19-030006058601400201","unstructured":"Godfrey R, de La Cruz (1974) The effect of ibuprofen dosage on patient response in rheumatoid arthritis,\n                      VI Pan-American Congress on Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto\n                      ."},{"key":"bibr20-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01978797"},{"key":"bibr21-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.284.6315.551"},{"key":"bibr22-030006058601400201","unstructured":"Hradsky M (1979) Gastroscopic observation of the effect of various anti-inflammatory drugs on the gastric mucosa.\n                      IX European Congress of Rheumatology, Weisbaden\n                      ."},{"key":"bibr23-030006058601400201","volume":"31","author":"Imai H","year":"1981","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"bibr24-030006058601400201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.27.5.457"},{"key":"bibr25-030006058601400201","unstructured":"Joshipura J C N, Dongaonkar D G (1976) Comparative evaluation of ibuprofen and oxy-phenbutazone in soft-tissue rheumatism.\n                      S.E.A.P.A.L. 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