{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:19:18Z","timestamp":1792660758737,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,4,1]],"date-time":"1992-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":702086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tumori"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In 1988, a cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Romagna region (Italy) to evaluate the association between knowledge of breast pathophysiology and preventive attitudes and screening tests practice for breast cancer. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a sample of asymptomatic women aged 20\u201364 years living in the city of Faenza (Northern Italy). Of the 657 responders, 58 % reported that they practiced breast self-examination; 55% had had a professional breast examination, and only 9 % had had a mammogram as a screening test. Logistic regression analysis (including variables such as age, education, employment) was performed to explore the relationship between screening tests practice and factors associated with their use. Breast self-examination practice (n = 590) was associated with preventive attitudes (aOR = 1.67, 95\u00b0\/o CI = 1.09\u20132.53) and with a positive history of breast disease (aOR = 3.48, 95 % CI = 1.72\u20137.04). Professional breast examination (n = 480) was related to preventive attitudes (aOR = 2.37, 95 % CI = 1.51\u20133.71), knowledge of breast pathophysiology (aOR = 2.07, 95 % CI = 1.31\u20133.28), and use of oral contraceptives (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.12\u20132.91). Mammography use (n = 540) was associated with preventive attitudes (aOR = 3.08, 95 % CI = 1.40\u20136.76). The results show an inadequate utilization of screening tests in our population. Breast self-examination is strongly related to a positive history of breast disease, and this could reflect the lack of health educational programs aimed at the general population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/030089169207800207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T11:13:35Z","timestamp":1524482015000},"page":"98-105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Cross Sectional Survey on Breast Self Examination Practice, Utilization of Breast Professional Examination, Mammography and Associated Factors in Romagna, Italy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Ferro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo, Faenza"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Caroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo, Faenza"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oriana","family":"Nanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo, Servizio di Oncologia, Ospedale L. Pierantoni, Forl\u00ec"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annibale","family":"Biggeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O. di Epidemiologia, C.S.P.O., Firenze"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Gambi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Oncologico Ospedale per gli Infermi, Faenza"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-030089169207800207","volume-title":"Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior.","author":"Ajzen I.","year":"1980"},{"key":"bibr2-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.297.6654.943"},{"key":"bibr3-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19860315)57:6<1209::AID-CNCR2820570625>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"bibr4-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-197705001-00005"},{"key":"bibr5-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1983.03330280034025"},{"key":"bibr6-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(86)90039-0"},{"key":"bibr7-030089169207800207","volume-title":"Cancer incidence in five continents."},{"key":"bibr8-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.35.020184.002143"},{"key":"bibr9-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910380302"},{"key":"bibr10-030089169207800207","volume-title":"Screening for breast cancer.","author":"Day N.E.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr11-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.29.020178.002505"},{"key":"bibr12-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.45.2.112"},{"key":"bibr13-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002820-199004000-00005"},{"key":"bibr14-030089169207800207","first-page":"269","volume-title":"SUGI Supplemental Library User's Guide.","author":"Harrel F.E.","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr15-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1988.00380050181026"},{"key":"bibr16-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.297.6643.271"},{"key":"bibr17-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1985.tb00894.x"},{"key":"bibr18-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.71.3.251"},{"key":"bibr19-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019818401100101"},{"key":"bibr20-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)31029-8"},{"key":"bibr21-030089169207800207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0037623"},{"key":"bibr22-030089169207800207","first-page":"171","volume":"2","author":"Kosch S.G.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Fam. 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