{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T18:20:34Z","timestamp":1777918834869,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]],"date-time":"1999-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":925516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tumori"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Complete hydatidiform mole (CHM), a condition related to abnormal gestation, occurs predominantly in the young reproductive age group and has a high prevalence rate in the Trivandrum region, occurring in 1.2% of deliveries. Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-\u03b1) is an important growth regulatory molecule, the location and function of which at the human fetomaternal interface in CHM remains to be determined. The present study examined the presence of TGF-\u03b1 in the normal and complete molar placenta and decidua throughout gestation. A total of 149 complete molar placental tissue samples and 96 normal placental tissue samples were evaluated for TGF-\u03b1 expression by immunohistochemistry and 50 each of CHM and normal placental tissue for TGF-\u03b1 concentration by radioimmunoassay. The peptide was localized immunocytochemically with a monoclonal anti-TGF-\u03b1 antibody on paraffin-embedded tissue using the avidin-biotin complex peroxidase technique with aminoethyl carbazole as the chromogen. In molar placenta, villous trophoblast cells (syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts) showed intense cytoplasmic staining at all gestational ages compared to normal placenta of the same gestational age. The tissue concentration of TGF-\u03b1 was highly overexpressed in the molar placenta (10-1000 fold) compared to that in the normal placenta. The results indicate that TGF-\u03b1 is present in trophoblasts throughout human gestation and may provide additional growth advantage to maintenance of the hyperproliterative condition in trophoblastic tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/030089169908500307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T05:41:17Z","timestamp":1523943677000},"page":"183-187","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Immunolocalization and Quantitation of Transforming Growth Factor Alpha in Hydatidiform Mole"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Molykutty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College P.O., Trivandrum;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Wound Research, Gainesville, Florida, USA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. Nellika","family":"Rajalekshmy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College Hospital, Medical College P.O., Trivandrum, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swapna","family":"Enose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College P.O., Trivandrum;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Krishnan","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College P.O., Trivandrum;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prabha","family":"Balaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College P.O., Trivandrum;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-030089169908500307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.20.6264"},{"key":"bibr2-030089169908500307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01214668"},{"key":"bibr3-030089169908500307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91858-8"},{"key":"bibr4-030089169908500307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.240360404"},{"key":"bibr5-030089169908500307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.8.4001"},{"key":"bibr6-030089169908500307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/316701a0"},{"key":"bibr7-030089169908500307","first-page":"707","volume":"47","author":"Derynck R.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"bibr8-030089169908500307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(88)80001-1"},{"key":"bibr9-030089169908500307","first-page":"40","volume":"3","author":"Doreen M.S.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin. 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