{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T18:22:23Z","timestamp":1777918943946,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,3]],"date-time":"2011-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A direct relationship has been firmly established between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and malignant behavior in human melanoma. This report examines the relationship between COX-2 expression and tumor location, mitotic and proliferative indices, degree of T CD3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    lymphocyte infiltration, overall survival, and frequency of recurrence and metastasis of 57 melanocytic tumors (25 oral and 32 cutaneous). COX-2 was highly or moderately expressed in 88% of oral neoplasms (22 of 25), whereas for their cutaneous counterparts, COX-2 expression was low or insignificant in 75% of cases (24 of 32). High and moderate COX-2 expression levels were observed in 73% of melanocytic tumors with a mitotic index \u2265 3 per 10 high-power fields (26 of 36), whereas in 81% of tumors with a mitotic index &lt; 3 (17 of 21), expression was mild or absent. There were 41 cases with known clinical outcomes; of those showing high, moderate, and mild COX-2 expression, 83.3% (10 of 12), 37.5% (3 of 8), and 25% (2 of 8) died, respectively, whereas 100% of animals showing no COX-2 expression (13 of 13) were still alive at the last follow-up. COX-2 expression was statistically correlated with tumor location, mitotic and percentage Ki-67 proliferative indices, and overall survival, frequency of neoplastic recurrence and metastasis. Regression analysis also showed disease-specific predictive value for COX-2 expression for subjects with melanocytic neoplasms. Additionally, only high COX-2 expression showed significant differences in overall survival, in comparison with moderate, mild, or absent expression. These results suggest that high COX-2 expression may be considered a prognostic biomarker and potentially as a target for therapeutic and preventive strategies in canine melanocytic neoplasms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810396517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,3]],"date-time":"2011-02-03T22:38:52Z","timestamp":1296772732000},"page":"1204-1211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression Is Related With Localization, Proliferation, and Overall Survival in Canine Melanocytic Neoplasms"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"C. 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