{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T18:25:12Z","timestamp":1777919112343,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,23]],"date-time":"2014-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lymphomas are common spontaneous tumors in nonhuman primates but remain poorly characterized in Japanese macaques ( Macaca fuscata). This study examined 5 cases of spontaneous malignant lymphoma in Japanese macaques, focusing on the immunophenotypes and presence of simian lymphocryptoviruses, which are Epstein-Barr virus-related herpesviruses in nonhuman primates. The macaques with lymphoma were 5 to 28 years old, indicating that lymphomas develop over a wide age range. The common macroscopic findings were splenomegaly and enlargement of lymph nodes. Histologic and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that all cases were non-Hodgkin type and exhibited a T-cell phenotype, positive for CD3 but negative for CD20 and CD79\u03b1. The lymphomas exhibited diverse cellular morphologies and were subdivided into 3 types according to the World Health Organization classification. These included 3 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; 1 case of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia; and 1 case of an unclassifiable T-cell lymphoma. Positive signals were detected by in situ hybridization in 2 of the 4 examined cases using probes for the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA (EBER). Furthermore, the presence of M. fuscata lymphocryptovirus 2, a macaque homolog of Epstein-Barr virus, was demonstrated in EBER-positive cases by polymerase chain reaction amplification followed by direct sequencing. Immunohistochemistry using antibody to the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded nuclear antigen 2 was negative, even in the EBER-positive cases. The present study suggests that T-cell lymphoma is more common than B-cell lymphoma in Japanese macaques and that M. fuscata lymphocryptovirus 2 is present in some cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985814547389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,24]],"date-time":"2014-09-24T01:52:57Z","timestamp":1411523577000},"page":"566-572","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Characterization of Spontaneous Malignant Lymphomas in Japanese Macaques (\n                    <i>Macaca fuscata<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Hirata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Experiment, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu City, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu City, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Katoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu City, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu City, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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