{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T22:04:51Z","timestamp":1794002691062,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":317,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009739","name":"Charlotte und Ernst Frauchiger-Reyher-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The bacterium Listeria monocytogenes ( Lm) is widely distributed in the environment as a saprophyte, but may turn into a lethal intracellular pathogen upon ingestion. Invasive infections occur in numerous species worldwide, but most commonly in humans and farmed ruminants, and manifest as distinct forms. Of those, neuroinfection is remarkably threatening due to its high mortality. Lm is widely studied not only as a pathogen but also as an essential model for intracellular infections and host-pathogen interactions. Many aspects of its ecology and pathogenesis, however, remain unclear and are rarely addressed in its natural hosts. This review highlights the heterogeneity and adaptability of Lm by summarizing its association with the environment, farm animals, and disease. It also provides current knowledge on key features of the pathology and (molecular) pathogenesis of various listeriosis forms in naturally susceptible species with a special focus on ruminants and on the neuroinvasive form of the disease. Moreover, knowledge gaps on pathomechanisms of listerial infections and relevant unexplored topics in Lm pathogenesis research are highlighted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858211052659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T02:22:56Z","timestamp":1638498176000},"page":"186-210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["<i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i>\n                    at the interface between ruminants and humans: A comparative pathology and pathogenesis review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Bagatella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Tavares-Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3569-8547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Oevermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"bibr1-03009858211052659","first-page":"226","volume":"23","author":"Addas BM","year":"2002","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"bibr2-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-1989-3"},{"key":"bibr3-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2002.100107.x"},{"key":"bibr4-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00020"},{"issue":"66","key":"bibr5-03009858211052659","first-page":"147","volume":"18","author":"Akiyama Y","year":"1957","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr6-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.200.05.711","volume":"200","author":"Alexander A","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr7-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.1999.0303"},{"key":"bibr8-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-324"},{"key":"bibr9-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw569"},{"key":"bibr10-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2001.tb00411.x"},{"key":"bibr11-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2005.tb00519.x"},{"key":"bibr12-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/16.5.689"},{"key":"bibr13-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.06507-11"},{"key":"bibr14-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.116.9.233"},{"key":"bibr15-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-9398"},{"key":"bibr16-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1995.0029"},{"key":"bibr17-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-8852-5"},{"key":"bibr18-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.1.376"},{"key":"bibr19-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00039-06"},{"key":"bibr20-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2007.05.003"},{"key":"bibr21-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06479"},{"key":"bibr22-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04476"},{"key":"bibr23-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1997.0131"},{"key":"bibr24-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.3.1055-1061.2003"},{"key":"bibr25-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.12.JNS142100"},{"key":"bibr26-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.10.5893-5899.2005"},{"key":"bibr27-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-43-2-125"},{"key":"bibr28-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.150.2.38"},{"key":"bibr29-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/508462"},{"key":"bibr30-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2007.12.022"},{"key":"bibr31-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.24.11890"},{"key":"bibr32-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2016.12.016"},{"key":"bibr33-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063871102300130"},{"key":"bibr34-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600750"},{"key":"bibr35-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-6540"},{"key":"bibr36-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01874-13"},{"key":"bibr37-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1901.120393"},{"key":"bibr38-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02000-17"},{"key":"bibr39-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2020.1759287"},{"key":"bibr40-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30521-7"},{"key":"bibr41-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098587701400501"},{"key":"bibr42-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098587701400401"},{"key":"bibr43-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid\/1706.101778"},{"key":"bibr44-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2010.00292.x"},{"key":"bibr45-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2018.38.2.102"},{"key":"bibr46-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12145"},{"key":"bibr47-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2004.36391"},{"key":"bibr48-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(03)00056-9"},{"key":"bibr49-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/104.2.164"},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr50-03009858211052659","first-page":"1238","volume":"187","author":"Cranfield M","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr51-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470958209.ch10"},{"key":"bibr52-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00015"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr53-03009858211052659","volume":"7","author":"D\u2019Orazio SEF","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"bibr54-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2017.06.013"},{"key":"bibr55-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19440049.2012.728722"},{"key":"bibr56-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7030075"},{"key":"bibr57-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.2.543-553.1994"},{"key":"bibr58-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2011.01.005"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr59-03009858211052659","first-page":"269","volume":"201","author":"De Luca G","year":"1998","journal-title":"Zentralbl Hyg Umweltmed"},{"key":"bibr60-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70870-9"},{"key":"bibr61-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/8.6.968"},{"key":"bibr62-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2012.03.009"},{"key":"bibr63-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.k5071"},{"key":"bibr64-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20181210"},{"key":"bibr65-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.19586"},{"key":"bibr66-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2021.01.008"},{"key":"bibr67-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(02)00467-4"},{"key":"bibr68-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.002980"},{"key":"bibr69-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004300050100"},{"key":"bibr70-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02297.x"},{"key":"bibr71-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.9.4461-4468.1998"},{"key":"bibr72-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3512-3517.1999"},{"key":"bibr73-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2008.00404.x"},{"key":"bibr74-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.02.011"},{"key":"bibr75-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.7.4418"},{"key":"bibr76-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1344-1350.2001"},{"key":"bibr77-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.2.323-347.2004"},{"key":"bibr78-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.1.529"},{"key":"bibr79-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36419"},{"key":"bibr80-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.01.025"},{"key":"bibr81-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2018.12.007"},{"key":"bibr82-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.03.004"},{"key":"bibr83-03009858211052659","first-page":"625","volume":"35","author":"Dumont J","year":"1921","journal-title":"Ann Inst Pasteur"},{"key":"bibr84-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200107000-00001"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr85-03009858211052659","first-page":"e05134","volume":"16","author":"EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards","year":"2018","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"bibr86-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nly077"},{"key":"bibr87-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.149.10.289"},{"key":"bibr88-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2010.09.003"},{"key":"bibr89-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-5-2"},{"key":"bibr90-03009858211052659","first-page":"1","volume":"338","author":"European Commission","year":"2005","journal-title":"Off J Eur Union L"},{"issue":"12","key":"bibr91-03009858211052659","first-page":"e05500","volume":"16","author":"European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2018","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"bibr92-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870401600519"},{"key":"bibr93-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2013.809634"},{"key":"bibr94-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2011.08.004"},{"key":"bibr95-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1605(02)00422-1"},{"key":"bibr96-03009858211052659","unstructured":"FAO\/WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations\/World Health Organization). Risk assessment of\n                      Listeria Monocytogenes\n                      in ready-to-eat foods: technical report 2004. Accessed October 25, 2021. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/42875\/9241562625.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"},{"key":"bibr97-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007094"},{"key":"bibr98-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00625-16"},{"key":"bibr99-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.118.9.240"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr100-03009858211052659","first-page":"641","volume":"81","author":"Fenlon DR","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Appl Bacteriol"},{"key":"bibr101-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-72.7.1450"},{"key":"bibr102-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.036764-0"},{"key":"bibr103-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2171"},{"key":"bibr104-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2015.20.31.21199"},{"key":"bibr105-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-4488(98)00118-7"},{"key":"bibr106-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01285-06"},{"key":"bibr107-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00009"},{"key":"bibr108-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90009-N"},{"key":"bibr109-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638715616658"},{"key":"bibr110-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-15-387"},{"key":"bibr111-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(02)00443-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr112-03009858211052659","first-page":"200","volume":"150","author":"Gates GA","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr113-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00160-18"},{"key":"bibr114-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56028-3"},{"key":"bibr115-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.104326"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr116-03009858211052659","first-page":"60","volume":"87","author":"Gill DA","year":"1931","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"bibr117-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12750"},{"key":"bibr118-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.107.17.390"},{"key":"bibr119-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir902"},{"key":"bibr120-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1405.071395"},{"key":"bibr121-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-11"},{"key":"bibr122-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.790"},{"key":"bibr123-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1605(00)00501-8"},{"key":"bibr124-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.132.3441.1767"},{"key":"bibr125-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/br.30.2.309-382.1966"},{"key":"bibr126-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5877(94)90066-3"},{"key":"bibr127-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.6.3275-3279.2000"},{"key":"bibr128-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.11.5260-5267.1998"},{"key":"bibr129-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-002-0835-9"},{"key":"bibr130-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.12.005"},{"key":"bibr131-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1601.091155"},{"key":"bibr132-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-015-0454-0"},{"key":"bibr133-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2012.00821.x"},{"key":"bibr134-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200225"},{"key":"bibr135-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2014.1886"},{"key":"bibr136-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1413"},{"key":"bibr137-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638717719479"},{"key":"bibr138-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2007.03604.x"},{"key":"bibr139-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00316-15"},{"key":"bibr140-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.1.95-100.2003"},{"key":"bibr141-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2007.03.005"},{"key":"bibr142-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-43-18"},{"key":"bibr143-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000884"},{"key":"bibr144-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400916665384"},{"key":"bibr145-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-0481-65-13"},{"key":"bibr146-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2011.10.008"},{"key":"bibr147-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02757-08"},{"key":"bibr148-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2006.3.319"},{"key":"bibr149-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/420853"},{"key":"bibr150-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18520\/cs\/v113\/i09\/1783-1787"},{"key":"bibr151-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-147-5-1095"},{"key":"bibr152-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1605(96)01105-1"},{"key":"bibr153-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.8.4682-4686.2002"},{"key":"bibr154-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.2.1093-1100.2001"},{"issue":"10","key":"bibr155-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1996.208.10.1695","volume":"208","author":"Johnson GC","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr156-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2004.00444.x"},{"key":"bibr157-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-65.11.1811"},{"key":"bibr158-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01913129309027794"},{"key":"bibr159-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90188-I"},{"key":"bibr160-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2017.04.004"},{"key":"bibr161-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit250"},{"key":"bibr162-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1293-3"},{"key":"bibr163-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006734"},{"key":"bibr164-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14244"},{"key":"bibr165-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4221-00111"},{"key":"bibr166-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.12.008"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr167-03009858211052659","first-page":"144","volume":"27","author":"Kummeneje K","year":"1975","journal-title":"Nord Vet Med"},{"key":"bibr168-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.7.3116"},{"key":"bibr169-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01031-15"},{"key":"bibr170-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2006.36628"},{"key":"bibr171-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.003097"},{"key":"bibr172-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/18.14.3956"},{"key":"bibr173-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M610926200"},{"key":"bibr174-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.154.12.365"},{"key":"bibr175-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-016-0939-2"},{"key":"bibr176-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01018-14"},{"key":"bibr177-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46495-0"},{"key":"bibr178-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3164.1999.00127.x"},{"key":"bibr179-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65241-8"},{"key":"bibr180-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-0233(97)80005-6"},{"key":"bibr181-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.116.6.147"},{"key":"bibr182-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00801-17"},{"key":"bibr183-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-33-1-51"},{"key":"bibr184-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.2011.01183.x"},{"key":"bibr185-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-017-4401-1"},{"key":"bibr186-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(92)90090-H"},{"key":"bibr187-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-5663"},{"key":"bibr188-03009858211052659","author":"Maudet C","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"bibr189-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2020.11.006"},{"key":"bibr190-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10380-0"},{"key":"bibr191-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00541-17"},{"key":"bibr192-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3501"},{"key":"bibr193-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(08)80288-5"},{"issue":"26","key":"bibr194-03009858211052659","first-page":"615","volume":"135","author":"McLauchlin J","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"bibr195-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0505.990502"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr196-03009858211052659","first-page":"55","volume":"55","author":"Meredith CD","year":"1984","journal-title":"J S Afr Vet Assoc"},{"key":"bibr197-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.70.3.383"},{"key":"bibr198-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2004.02.007"},{"key":"bibr199-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.185"},{"key":"bibr200-03009858211052659","author":"Moura A","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"bibr201-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01641423"},{"key":"bibr202-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700290409"},{"key":"bibr203-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199809000-00002"},{"key":"bibr204-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.8.4458-4467.2004"},{"key":"bibr205-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.227.1808"},{"key":"bibr206-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20110560"},{"key":"bibr207-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.002596"},{"key":"bibr208-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.01.015"},{"key":"bibr209-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2009.00292.x"},{"key":"bibr210-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/632513"},{"key":"bibr211-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2005.06.018"},{"key":"bibr212-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/429324"},{"key":"bibr213-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2010.05.002"},{"key":"bibr214-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-016-7552-2"},{"key":"bibr215-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0222"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr216-03009858211052659","first-page":"125","volume":"36","author":"Otter A","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Microbiol Hung"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr217-03009858211052659","first-page":"79","volume":"40","author":"Paciorek M","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"bibr218-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06668-2"},{"key":"bibr219-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1461"},{"key":"bibr220-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14418"},{"key":"bibr221-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1676-3"},{"key":"bibr222-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.13509"},{"key":"bibr223-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-014-0636-y"},{"key":"bibr224-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020003"},{"key":"bibr225-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009001"},{"key":"bibr226-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.11.5308-5309.2003"},{"key":"bibr227-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(94)90132-5"},{"key":"bibr228-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(95)00185-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr229-03009858211052659","first-page":"84","volume":"42","author":"Peters M","year":"1995","journal-title":"Zentralbl Veterinarmed B"},{"key":"bibr230-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2019.10.004"},{"key":"bibr231-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2008.0246"},{"issue":"13","key":"bibr232-03009858211052659","first-page":"163","volume":"3","author":"Pirie JH","year":"1927","journal-title":"Publ S Afr Inst Med Res"},{"key":"bibr233-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a010009"},{"key":"bibr234-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.67.4.616"},{"key":"bibr235-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2212.160165"},{"key":"bibr236-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252312000242"},{"key":"bibr237-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-6038"},{"key":"bibr238-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01989983"},{"key":"bibr239-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.518697"},{"key":"bibr240-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1523899113"},{"key":"bibr241-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.004494"},{"key":"bibr242-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0518.x"},{"key":"bibr243-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13394.x"},{"key":"bibr244-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2008.00333.x"},{"key":"bibr245-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1989.tb09815.x"},{"key":"bibr246-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-015-0167-2"},{"key":"bibr247-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2010000100008"},{"key":"bibr248-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2006000100004"},{"key":"bibr249-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176911"},{"key":"bibr250-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2012.07.017"},{"key":"bibr251-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00219-13"},{"issue":"8","key":"bibr252-03009858211052659","first-page":"248","volume":"116","author":"Rocourt J","year":"1986","journal-title":"Schweiz Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"bibr253-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.03.002"},{"key":"bibr254-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000529"},{"key":"bibr255-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2005.09.007"},{"key":"bibr256-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2000000300005"},{"key":"bibr257-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.4.1141"},{"key":"bibr258-03009858211052659","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Listeria, Listeriosis and Food Safety","author":"Sauders BD","year":"2007","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr259-03009858211052659","first-page":"358","volume-title":"Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer\u2019s Pathology of Domestic Animals","author":"Schlafer DH","year":"2015","edition":"6"},{"key":"bibr260-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314008"},{"key":"bibr261-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198301273080407"},{"key":"bibr262-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.GPP3-0014-2018"},{"key":"bibr263-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.12.5930-5938.1998"},{"key":"bibr264-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830250839"},{"key":"bibr265-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022029903006277"},{"key":"bibr266-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.4.2.169"},{"key":"bibr267-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-014-5546-5"},{"key":"bibr268-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.158.17.588"},{"key":"bibr269-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2010.04.009"},{"key":"bibr270-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1990.tb07733.x"},{"key":"bibr271-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0580-9517(08)70372-6"},{"key":"bibr272-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.54.1205"},{"key":"bibr273-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00871-20"},{"key":"bibr274-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1991.tb09846.x"},{"key":"bibr275-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0803.010195"},{"key":"bibr276-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2010.00993.x"},{"key":"bibr277-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.12.021"},{"key":"bibr278-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2007.05.011"},{"key":"bibr279-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/011106-0"},{"key":"bibr280-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1907462"},{"key":"bibr281-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000808"},{"key":"bibr282-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.07.027"},{"key":"bibr283-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003381"},{"key":"bibr284-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(97)00195-8"},{"key":"bibr285-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00818711"},{"key":"bibr286-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/BF03549648"},{"key":"bibr287-03009858211052659","first-page":"4803","volume":"82","author":"US Food and Drug Administration","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"key":"bibr288-03009858211052659","first-page":"34208","volume":"68","author":"USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"key":"bibr289-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1981.tb00457.x"},{"key":"bibr290-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12980"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr291-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.3.368","volume":"53","author":"Vazquez-Boland J","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"bibr292-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01413-7"},{"key":"bibr293-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00949-17"},{"key":"bibr294-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.3.584-640.2001"},{"key":"bibr295-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.03126-20"},{"key":"bibr296-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2013.00087"},{"key":"bibr297-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(94)90023-X"},{"key":"bibr298-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17236\/sat00022"},{"key":"bibr299-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/w11-018"},{"key":"bibr300-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/015172-0"},{"key":"bibr301-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.113.10.213"},{"key":"bibr302-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.02.029"},{"key":"bibr303-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9090715"},{"key":"bibr304-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2015.2061"},{"key":"bibr305-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/am.30.1.29-32.1975"},{"key":"bibr306-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420015188.ch3"},{"issue":"12","key":"bibr307-03009858211052659","first-page":"2009","volume":"50","author":"Wesley IV","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"bibr308-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.4.991-996.1994"},{"key":"bibr309-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.119.19.467"},{"key":"bibr310-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314490"},{"key":"bibr311-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0450.2004.00751.x"},{"key":"bibr312-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2015.04.002"},{"key":"bibr313-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12072-1"},{"key":"bibr314-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.62.673"},{"key":"bibr315-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnw060"},{"key":"bibr316-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2006.01213.x"},{"key":"bibr317-03009858211052659","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46709-0"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03009858211052659","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03009858211052659","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03009858211052659","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:02:30Z","timestamp":1777662150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03009858211052659"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"references-count":317,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03009858211052659"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03009858211052659","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9858","1544-2217"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9858","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-2217","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]}}}