{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T18:31:03Z","timestamp":1777919463392,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Centro de Encefalopat\u00edas y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes"},{"name":"Enfermedades pri\u00f3nicas, vectoriales y zoonosis emergentes","award":["Ref. A05_17R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ref. A05_17R"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) is a legume widely used as a food supplement in humans and less frequently in ruminants. Toxicity has been described sporadically in ruminants grazing mature fenugreek plants or stubble; however, the pathological features are unclear. This report describes a natural outbreak of intoxication in cattle fed fenugreek straw and the experimental reproduction using 8 sheep and 8 goats. Affected cattle presented clinical signs approximately 1 month after consuming the straw and 100 of 400 cattle (25%) were affected, of which 60 of 100 (60%) died or were euthanized. Clinical signs were characterized by proprioceptive positioning defects with abnormal postures and weakness of hindlimbs. Forelimbs were also affected in severely affected animals, and cattle became recumbent. Locomotion was characterized by trembling, and some cattle showed high-stepping movements of their forelimbs and knuckled over in their fetlocks. Experimental intoxication induced clinical signs only in sheep and were similar to cattle, although with signs starting in the forelegs. Gross and microscopic lesions were similar in spontaneous and experimental intoxications. Macroscopic changes corresponded with muscular hemorrhages and edema, mainly surrounding the peripheral nerves. Microscopic examination only demonstrated lesions in the distal peripheral nerves, which included edema, hemorrhages, and Wallerian degeneration. Neurofilament immunohistochemistry revealed altered axon labeling and S100 showed a decrease in myelin intensity and loss of its typical compact arrangement around axons. Biochemical and hematological abnormalities included elevated levels of muscle and liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia. These findings indicate that fenugreek straw induces peripheral neuropathy in cattle and sheep, but not in goats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858221137020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T04:33:44Z","timestamp":1668659624000},"page":"115-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Peripheral neuropathy caused by fenugreek (\n                    <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum<\/i>\n                    ) straw intoxication in cattle and experimental reproduction in sheep and goats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6629-6842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardino","family":"Moreno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Otero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirta","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Raksa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Pinhais, Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda I.","family":"Guijarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Climent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariano","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Alb\u00e9itar Laboratories, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Zabala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albaitaritza SA, Irurtzun, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan M.","family":"Loste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albaitaritza SA, Irurtzun, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Ac\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan J.","family":"Badiola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-03009858221137020","first-page":"166","volume":"17","author":"Adler JH","year":"1960","journal-title":"Refuah Vet"},{"key":"bibr2-03009858221137020","first-page":"44","volume":"18","author":"Adler JH","year":"1961","journal-title":"Refuah Vet"},{"key":"bibr3-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09712119.1999.9706279"},{"key":"bibr4-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063871002200529"},{"key":"bibr5-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2009.00393.x"},{"key":"bibr6-03009858221137020","volume-title":"Diseases of the Nervous System. Veterinary Medicine. A Text Book of Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs, and Goats","author":"Constable PD","year":"2017","edition":"11"},{"key":"bibr7-03009858221137020","first-page":"481","volume":"1","author":"Cuervo L","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med Vet"},{"key":"bibr8-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/aab-59-345-2016"},{"key":"bibr9-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2004.02.008"},{"key":"bibr10-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2016.09.001"},{"key":"bibr11-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2011.00793.x"},{"key":"bibr12-03009858221137020","first-page":"357","volume":"3","author":"Ibrahim MF","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rad Res Appl Sci"},{"key":"bibr13-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623319826068"},{"key":"bibr14-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e01536"},{"key":"bibr15-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.15653\/TPG-160453","volume":"45","author":"Kretschmar A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere"},{"key":"bibr16-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985820959231"},{"key":"bibr17-03009858221137020","first-page":"191","volume":"15","author":"Lustig M.","year":"1958","journal-title":"Refuah Vet"},{"key":"bibr18-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1615794"},{"key":"bibr19-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2016.08.003"},{"key":"bibr20-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12437"},{"key":"bibr21-03009858221137020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2010.02.010"},{"key":"bibr22-03009858221137020","first-page":"1","volume":"22","author":"Samia AAH","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Sci"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03009858221137020","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03009858221137020","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03009858221137020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:03:41Z","timestamp":1777662221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03009858221137020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03009858221137020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03009858221137020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9858","1544-2217"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9858","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-2217","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]}}}